{"id":6212,"date":"2021-08-03T11:17:50","date_gmt":"2021-08-03T09:17:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/hicp.cz\/?page_id=6212"},"modified":"2026-02-18T13:31:26","modified_gmt":"2026-02-18T12:31:26","slug":"zeveta-bojkovice","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/hicp.cz\/?page_id=6212","title":{"rendered":"Zeveta Bojkovice"},"content":{"rendered":"[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]<strong>Historie firmy ZEVETA \u2013 \u010desk\u00e1 tradice pyrotechniky a zbrojn\u00ed v\u00fdroby<\/strong><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_7141\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-7141\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-7141\" src=\"https:\/\/hicp.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/zeveta-1-300x153.png\" alt=\"Zeveta Bojkovice\" width=\"300\" height=\"153\" srcset=\"https:\/\/hicp.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/zeveta-1-300x153.png 300w, https:\/\/hicp.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/zeveta-1-1024x522.png 1024w, https:\/\/hicp.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/zeveta-1-768x392.png 768w, https:\/\/hicp.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/zeveta-1.png 1135w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-7141\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Zeveta Bojkovice<\/p><\/div>\n<p>Ko\u0159eny spole\u010dnosti ZEVETA sahaj\u00ed a\u017e do roku 1936, kdy byla zalo\u017eena pod n\u00e1zvem Ky\u0161er a spol. jej\u00edm vizion\u00e1\u0159em a zakladatelem, panem V\u00edt\u011bzslavem Ky\u0161erem. Od samotn\u00e9ho po\u010d\u00e1tku se firma zam\u011b\u0159ovala na oblast chemick\u00e9 v\u00fdroby, zbrojn\u00edho pr\u016fmyslu a p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm na v\u00fdrobu pyrotechnick\u00fdch sm\u011bs\u00ed, l\u00e1tek a oh\u0148ostrojn\u00fdch p\u0159edm\u011bt\u016f. Tato specializace polo\u017eila z\u00e1klad dlouholet\u00e9 tradici \u010desk\u00e9 pyrotechniky a v\u00fdroby oh\u0148ostroj\u016f.<br \/>\nJi\u017e po \u010dty\u0159ech letech sv\u00e9 existence pro\u0161la spole\u010dnost z\u00e1sadn\u00ed prom\u011bnou \u2013 nov\u00fd n\u00e1zev Chemick\u00e9 a zbrojn\u00ed z\u00e1vody odr\u00e1\u017eel zm\u011bnu sm\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed i pot\u0159eby tehdej\u0161\u00ed doby. V\u00fdroba se za\u010dala soust\u0159edit zejm\u00e9na na zbrojn\u00ed produkty, co\u017e tvo\u0159ilo p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 70 % celkov\u00e9 produkce podniku. Dominantn\u00ed \u00falohu z\u00edskala v\u00fdroba zbran\u00ed, st\u0159eliva a dal\u0161\u00edho vojensk\u00e9ho materi\u00e1lu, p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm pro pot\u0159eby \u010deskoslovensk\u00e9ho Ministerstva obrany.<br \/>\nV n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch letech byla firma za\u010dlen\u011bna do podniku Zbrojovka Brno, \u010d\u00edm\u017e do\u0161lo k je\u0161t\u011b u\u017e\u0161\u00edmu propojen\u00ed se st\u00e1tn\u00edm zbrojn\u00edm sektorem. P\u0159esto\u017ee hlavn\u00ed v\u00fdrobn\u00ed n\u00e1pln\u00ed se stala produkce zbran\u00ed a munice, p\u016fvodn\u00ed zam\u011b\u0159en\u00ed na pyrotechniku a v\u00fdvoj oh\u0148ostroj\u016f nezaniklo. V\u00fdroba pyrotechnick\u00fdch slo\u017e\u00ed a oh\u0148ostrojn\u00fdch v\u00fdrobk\u016f pokra\u010dovala, by\u0165 \u010dasto v men\u0161\u00edm m\u011b\u0159\u00edtku. Pr\u00e1v\u011b tato vytrvalost a schopnost udr\u017eet tradici v\u00fdroby oh\u0148ostroj\u016f d\u00e1v\u00e1 Zevet\u011b unik\u00e1tn\u00ed postaven\u00ed mezi \u010desk\u00fdmi podniky s pyrotechnickou histori\u00ed.<br \/>\nMezi prvn\u00edmi oh\u0148ostrojn\u00fdmi produkty, kter\u00e9 firma vyrobila, najdeme nap\u0159\u00edklad beng\u00e1lsk\u00e9 pochodn\u011b, r\u016fzn\u00e9 druhy raket, font\u00e1n \u010di sign\u00e1ln\u00edch efekt\u016f. Tyto v\u00fdrobky se staly ned\u00edlnou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed kulturn\u00edch oslav i vojensk\u00fdch p\u0159ehl\u00eddek v b\u00fdval\u00e9m \u010ceskoslovensku.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Pro n\u00e1s jist\u011b zcela nejzaj\u00edmav\u011bj\u0161\u00ed je obdob\u00ed roku 1954 &#8211; 1990<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Z prost\u00e9ho d\u016fvodu.\u00a0 V tomto obdob\u00ed se Zeveta soust\u0159edila z v\u00edce jak 95% na v\u00fdrobu oh\u0148ostroj\u016f pro st\u00e1tn\u00ed \u00fa\u010dely tehdej\u0161\u00edho re\u017eimu.<\/p>\n<p>Pozn\u00e1mka: Popisky u fotografi\u00ed n\u00ed\u017ee vych\u00e1zej\u00ed z origin\u00e1ln\u00ed dobov\u00e9 dokumentace z konce 50. let a zachycuj\u00ed autentick\u00e9 n\u00e1zvy i pou\u017eit\u00ed jednotliv\u00fdch pyrotechnick\u00fdch v\u00fdrobk\u016f.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Beng\u00e1lsk\u00e1 pochode\u0148, beng\u00e1lsk\u00fd ohe\u0148 \u2013 oh\u0148ostrojn\u00e1 pochode\u0148<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-6218\" src=\"https:\/\/hicp.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/bengalska-pochoden-175x300.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"175\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/hicp.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/bengalska-pochoden-175x300.png 175w, https:\/\/hicp.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/bengalska-pochoden.png 247w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 175px) 100vw, 175px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Jedn\u00edm z nejtradi\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch produkt\u016f spole\u010dnosti Zeveta je beng\u00e1lsk\u00fd ohe\u0148, ozna\u010dovan\u00fd dnes tak\u00e9 jako oh\u0148ostrojn\u00e1 pochode\u0148. Tento pyrotechnick\u00fd v\u00fdrobek pat\u0159\u00ed mezi z\u00e1kladn\u00ed prost\u0159edky pro osv\u011btlov\u00e1n\u00ed, zna\u010den\u00ed a signalizaci nejen p\u0159i slavnostn\u00edch p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitostech, ale i v arm\u00e1dn\u00ed praxi. Beng\u00e1lsk\u00e9 pochodn\u011b se \u010dasto vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed nap\u0159\u00edklad p\u0159i odpalov\u00e1n\u00ed oh\u0148ostroj\u016f, p\u0159i r\u016fzn\u00fdch oslav\u00e1ch nebo jako sign\u00e1ln\u00ed sv\u011btlice.<\/p>\n<p>Konstruk\u010dn\u011b se jedn\u00e1 o v\u00e1lcov\u00e9 t\u011bleso z pap\u00edru o pr\u016fm\u011bru 27 mm a d\u00e9lce 350 mm. Vnit\u0159ek pochodn\u011b je napln\u011bn speci\u00e1ln\u00ed sv\u011btlicovou pyrotechnickou slo\u017e\u00ed, kter\u00e1 zaji\u0161\u0165uje intenzivn\u00ed barevn\u00fd efekt. Typick\u00e9 jsou zejm\u00e9na barvy \u010derven\u00e1, zelen\u00e1 a b\u00edl\u00e1 \u2013 v t\u011bchto odst\u00ednech se v\u00fdrobek standardn\u011b dod\u00e1val. V pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00edch letech se sortiment z\u00fa\u017eil p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b na \u010dervenou barvu.<\/p>\n<p>Horn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st pochodn\u011b je vybavena inicia\u010dn\u00edm za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edm pro snadn\u00e9 zap\u00e1len\u00ed, zat\u00edmco ve spodn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti se nach\u00e1z\u00ed praktick\u00fd kokov\u00fd hrot. Ten umo\u017e\u0148uje jednoduch\u00e9 a bezpe\u010dn\u00e9 upevn\u011bn\u00ed pochodn\u011b do zem\u011b nebo na p\u0159ipraven\u00fd n\u00e1stavec. D\u00edky tomu lze beng\u00e1lsk\u00fd ohe\u0148 pou\u017e\u00edvat v r\u016fzn\u00fdch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch bez rizika p\u0159evr\u017een\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Doba ho\u0159en\u00ed beng\u00e1lsk\u00e9 pochodn\u011b dosahuje p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 3 minut, u n\u011bkter\u00fdch variant a\u017e 7 minut, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e celkov\u00e1 hmotnost pyrotechnick\u00e9 slo\u017ee \u010din\u00ed zhruba 200 gram\u016f. V\u00fdrobek b\u00fdval distribuov\u00e1n v balen\u00edch po 10 kusech, pozd\u011bji i po 3 kusech, v\u017edy s jasn\u011b uveden\u00fdm n\u00e1vodem k pou\u017eit\u00ed p\u0159\u00edmo na obalu.<\/p>\n<p>Tyto oh\u0148ostrojn\u00e9 pochodn\u011b z produkce firmy Zeveta se staly neodmyslitelnou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed \u010desk\u00e9 pyrotechnick\u00e9 tradice a dodnes jsou cen\u011bny nejen pro svou jednoduchost a funk\u010dnost, ale i pro vysokou spolehlivost a kvalitu zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Raketa<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-6230\" src=\"https:\/\/hicp.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/raketa-1-300x300.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/hicp.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/raketa-1-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/hicp.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/raketa-1-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/hicp.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/raketa-1.png 388w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>Oh\u0148ostrojn\u00e9 rakety \u2013\u00a0 technika a efekty z produkce Zevety<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Jedn\u00edm z nejikoni\u010dt\u011bj\u0161\u00edch produkt\u016f \u010desk\u00e9 pyrotechniky a neodmyslitelnou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed ka\u017ed\u00e9ho oh\u0148ostroje jsou oh\u0148ostrojn\u00e9 rakety. Pr\u00e1v\u011b spole\u010dnost Zeveta vynikala ve v\u00fdrob\u011b vysokoletn\u00fdch raket s pestrou paletou efekt\u016f i barev, kter\u00e9 dodnes pat\u0159\u00ed mezi symboly \u010desk\u00fdch oh\u0148ostroj\u016f a pyrotechniky.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Konstrukce a v\u00fdroba raket Zeveta<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Vysokoletn\u00e1 raketa je stoupaj\u00edc\u00ed pyrotechnick\u00e9 t\u011bleso, kter\u00e9 po vypu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed prudce vystoup\u00e1 k nebi, kde na vrcholu sv\u00e9 dr\u00e1hy rozehraje p\u016fsobiv\u00fd sv\u011bteln\u00fd i zvukov\u00fd efekt. V Zevet\u011b se vyr\u00e1b\u011bly rakety v mnoha barevn\u00fdch variant\u00e1ch \u2013 od klasick\u00e9 b\u00edl\u00e9, \u017elut\u00e9, \u010derven\u00e9, zelen\u00e9 a modr\u00e9, a\u017e po r\u016fznobarevn\u00e9 efekty, rakety se st\u0159\u00edbrn\u00fdmi \u010di zlat\u00fdmi chvosty, t\u0159pytkami nebo charakteristick\u00fdm hv\u00edzd\u00e1n\u00edm.<\/p>\n<p>Typick\u00e1 konstrukce rakety Zeveta vych\u00e1zela z dostupn\u00fdch materi\u00e1l\u016f a tradic \u010desk\u00e9 v\u00fdroby. T\u011blo rakety tvo\u0159ila hlin\u00edkov\u00e1 dutinka \u2013 p\u016fvodn\u011b n\u00e1bojnice r\u00e1\u017ee 26,5 mm, kter\u00e1 byla napln\u011bna lisovan\u00fdm \u010dern\u00fdm prachem tvo\u0159\u00edc\u00edm reaktivn\u00ed motorek. Pro stabilizaci letu byla ke ka\u017ed\u00e9 raket\u011b p\u0159ipevn\u011bna d\u0159ev\u011bn\u00e1 la\u0165ka, kter\u00e1 zaji\u0161\u0165ovala p\u0159esn\u00fd a bezpe\u010dn\u00fd v\u00fdstup.<\/p>\n<p>Tryska rakety byla vyr\u00e1b\u011bna lisov\u00e1n\u00edm speci\u00e1ln\u00ed hl\u00edny s pojidlem, co\u017e zaji\u0161\u0165ovalo optim\u00e1ln\u00ed tah motorku a bezpe\u010dn\u00e9 sm\u011brov\u00e1n\u00ed efektu. Po vyho\u0159en\u00ed pohonn\u00e9 slo\u017ee do\u0161lo k vymeten\u00ed sv\u011btlic z rakety \u2013 tyto sv\u011btlice (typ Petit, rozm\u011br 10 \u00d7 15 mm) byly stejn\u00e9, jak\u00e9 se pou\u017e\u00edvaly pro pln\u011bn\u00ed sign\u00e1ln\u00edch n\u00e1bojnic. Vybuchuj\u00edc\u00ed efektov\u00e9 tablety tak vytv\u00e1\u0159ely bohat\u00e9 sv\u011bteln\u00e9 a barevn\u00e9 efekty nad hlavami div\u00e1k\u016f.<br \/>\nCel\u00e1 raketa byla nav\u00edc ozna\u010dena barevn\u00fdm prou\u017ekem na spodn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti, podle kter\u00e9ho bylo mo\u017en\u00e9 ihned rozeznat zam\u00fd\u0161lenou barvu a efekt:<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Druh sv\u011btlice\u00a0 \u00a0 Barva laku na raket\u011b<\/p>\n<p>Zelen\u00e1\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 zelen\u00e1<\/p>\n<p>\u010cerven\u00e1\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u010derven\u00e1<\/p>\n<p>\u017dlut\u00e1\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u017elut\u00e1<\/p>\n<p>B\u00edl\u00e1\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0b\u00edl\u00e1<\/p>\n<p>Modr\u00e1\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 modr\u00e1<\/p>\n<p>R\u016fznobarevn\u00e1<br \/>\np\u016fl \u010derven\u00e1, p\u016fl zelen\u00e1<\/p>\n<p>St\u0159\u00edbrn\u00fd chvost<br \/>\nb\u00edl\u00fd, \u010dern\u00fd<\/p>\n<p>Zlat\u00fd chvost<br \/>\n\u017elut\u00fd, \u010dern\u00fd<\/p>\n<p>T\u0159pytka<br \/>\n\u010dern\u00fd<\/p>\n<p>Z\u00e1blesk a t\u0159esk<br \/>\nst\u0159\u00edbrn\u00fd<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Bezpe\u010dnost a pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Rakety Zeveta byly navr\u017een\u00e9 s ohledem na maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed bezpe\u010dnost i funk\u010dnost. Pro odp\u00e1len\u00ed se zasouvaly stabiliz\u00e1torem do speci\u00e1ln\u00edch odpalovac\u00edch konstrukc\u00ed. Iniciace prob\u00edhala pomoc\u00ed \u017eenijn\u00ed z\u00e1palnice, kter\u00e1 byla vlo\u017eena p\u0159\u00edmo do motorku rakety. D\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdm bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edm pravidlem bylo dodr\u017een\u00ed okruhu pro dopad pr\u00e1zdn\u00e9 Al-dutinky a stabiliz\u00e1toru, kter\u00e9 mohly po odp\u00e1len\u00ed prudce padat zp\u011bt k zemi.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Kouzlo raket Zeveta<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Oh\u0148ostrojn\u00e9 rakety Zeveta byly a jsou symbolem kr\u00e1sy, tradice a technick\u00e9 preciznosti \u010desk\u00e9 pyrotechniky. Jisk\u0159\u00edc\u00ed stopa stoupaj\u00edc\u00ed vzh\u016fru za charakteristick\u00e9ho sr\u0161iv\u00e9ho zvuku, rozkv\u00e9taj\u00edc\u00ed barevn\u00e9 efekty na obloze a jedine\u010dn\u00e1 atmosf\u00e9ra slavnostn\u00edho okam\u017eiku \u2013 to v\u0161e je spojeno pr\u00e1v\u011b s t\u011bmito raketami. A\u0165 u\u017e \u0161lo o velk\u00e9 ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 oslavy, vojensk\u00e9 p\u0159ehl\u00eddky nebo politick\u00e9 slavnosti, rakety Zeveta v\u017edy zaji\u0161\u0165ovaly jedine\u010dn\u00fd z\u00e1\u017eitek v\u0161em generac\u00edm.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Font\u00e1na brilantn\u00ed<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-6233\" src=\"https:\/\/hicp.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/fontana-300x249.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"249\" srcset=\"https:\/\/hicp.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/fontana-300x249.png 300w, https:\/\/hicp.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/fontana.png 367w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Font\u00e1na brilantn\u00ed pat\u0159\u00ed mezi klasick\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edzemn\u00ed pyrotechnick\u00e9 efekty, kter\u00e9 se ve sv\u00e9 dob\u011b vyr\u00e1b\u011bly tak\u00e9 ve spole\u010dnosti Zeveta. P\u0159esto\u017ee se o tomto konkr\u00e9tn\u00edm v\u00fdrobku zachovalo jen minimum dochovan\u00fdch informac\u00ed, je jeho konstrukce i zp\u016fsob pou\u017eit\u00ed dob\u0159e zn\u00e1m\u00fd z princip\u016f v\u00fdroby oh\u0148ostrojn\u00e9 pyrotechniky.<\/p>\n<p>Font\u00e1na m\u011bla tvar v\u00e1lcov\u00e9ho t\u011blesa s rozm\u011bry srovnateln\u00fdmi s klasickou oh\u0148ostrojnou pochodn\u00ed nebo raketou. Po za\u017eehnut\u00ed za\u010dala font\u00e1na chrlit proud z\u00e1\u0159iv\u00fdch jisker a sv\u011bteln\u00fdch efekt\u016f do zvolen\u00e9ho sm\u011bru. Tento efekt nejen\u017ee p\u0159itahoval pozornost div\u00e1k\u016f, ale z\u00e1rove\u0148 vytv\u00e1\u0159el p\u016fsobivou atmosf\u00e9ru vhodnou pro p\u0159\u00edzemn\u00ed pyrotechnick\u00e9 sestavy, kter\u00e9 byly \u010dasto sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed slavnostn\u00edch oh\u0148ostroj\u016f.<\/p>\n<p>Font\u00e1ny, v\u010detn\u011b t\u011bch ze Zevety, jsou obl\u00edben\u00e9 zejm\u00e9na d\u00edky mo\u017enosti nasm\u011brov\u00e1n\u00ed efektu, vysok\u00e9 bezpe\u010dnosti p\u0159i pou\u017eit\u00ed a snadn\u00e9 manipulaci. D\u00edky jednoduch\u00e9 konstrukci, kterou tvo\u0159ila pap\u00edrov\u00e1 v\u00e1lcov\u00e1 trubice napln\u011bn\u00e1 pyrotechnickou slo\u017e\u00ed, si z\u00edskaly oblibu nejen p\u0159i velk\u00fdch ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch oslav\u00e1ch, ale i p\u0159i men\u0161\u00edch soukrom\u00fdch akc\u00edch.<\/p>\n<p>Tyto brilantn\u00ed font\u00e1ny jsou dokladem tradi\u010dn\u00ed \u010desk\u00e9 pyrotechnick\u00e9 \u0159emeslnosti a d\u016fkazem, \u017ee i zd\u00e1nliv\u011b nen\u00e1padn\u00fd v\u00fdrobek m\u016f\u017ee v\u00fdrazn\u011b p\u0159isp\u011bt k celkov\u00e9 atmosf\u00e9\u0159e oh\u0148ostrojn\u00e9 show.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Hv\u00edzdaj\u00edc\u00ed b\u011b\u017eec<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-6235\" src=\"https:\/\/hicp.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/bezec-289x300.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"289\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/hicp.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/bezec-289x300.png 289w, https:\/\/hicp.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/bezec.png 352w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 289px) 100vw, 289px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>P\u00edskaj\u00edc\u00ed b\u011b\u017eec \u2013 unik\u00e1tn\u00ed zvukov\u00fd efekt<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Mezi zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 a netradi\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdrobky spole\u010dnosti Zeveta pat\u0159il p\u00edskaj\u00edc\u00ed b\u011b\u017eec. Tento oh\u0148ostrojn\u00fd efekt vynikal zejm\u00e9na sv\u00fdm dynamick\u00fdm pohybem a v\u00fdrazn\u00fdm zvukov\u00fdm doprovodem, co\u017e z n\u011bj \u010dinilo obl\u00edben\u00fd dopl\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed prvek velk\u00fdch oh\u0148ostroj\u016f.<br \/>\nP\u00edskaj\u00edc\u00ed b\u011b\u017eec se skl\u00e1d\u00e1 z v\u00e1lcovit\u00e9ho t\u011blesa z pevn\u00e9 pap\u00edrov\u00e9 dutinky, ke kter\u00e9 je p\u0159ipevn\u011bna men\u0161\u00ed trubi\u010dka ur\u010den\u00e1 pro zav\u011b\u0161en\u00ed na vodorovn\u011b nata\u017een\u00fd ocelov\u00fd dr\u00e1t. Pro spr\u00e1vnou funkci je nezbytn\u00e9, aby m\u011bl vodic\u00ed dr\u00e1t d\u00e9lku minim\u00e1ln\u011b 50 metr\u016f. Po zap\u00e1len\u00ed se b\u011b\u017eec d\u00edky rychl\u00e9mu v\u00fdvinu plyn\u016f uvnit\u0159 za\u010dne okam\u017eit\u011b pohybovat pod\u00e9l dr\u00e1tu. Tato j\u00edzda je doprov\u00e1zena siln\u00fdm hv\u00edzdav\u00fdm zvukem, kter\u00fd je pro tento efekt typick\u00fd a u div\u00e1k\u016f v\u017edy budil velk\u00fd z\u00e1jem a pobaven\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Historick\u00e9 slo\u017een\u00ed pyrotechnick\u00e9 n\u00e1pln\u011b vych\u00e1zelo z pou\u017eit\u00ed chlore\u010dnanu draseln\u00e9ho a kyseliny gallov\u00e9. V pr\u016fb\u011bhu let v\u0161ak Zeveta, s ohledem na bezpe\u010dnost a spolehlivost, p\u0159e\u0161la na modern\u011bj\u0161\u00ed sm\u011bs chloristanu draseln\u00e9ho a benzoanu sodn\u00e9ho, kter\u00e1 se v r\u016fzn\u00fdch obm\u011bn\u00e1ch pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 v pyrotechnice dodnes.<\/p>\n<p>Iniciace tohoto v\u00fdrobku prob\u00edhala pomoc\u00ed \u010dernoprachov\u00e9 stopiny veden\u00e9 do nitra b\u011b\u017ece, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b elektrick\u00fdm paln\u00edkem pro p\u0159esnou synchronizaci b\u011bhem oh\u0148ostrojn\u00e9 show. P\u00edskaj\u00edc\u00ed b\u011b\u017eec tak nejen o\u017eivoval oh\u0148ostroje pohybov\u00fdm a zvukov\u00fdm efektem, ale st\u00e1val se i dokladem technick\u00e9 kreativity \u010desk\u00fdch pyrotechnik\u016f.<\/p>\n<p>Stejn\u011b jako jin\u00e9 v\u00e1lcov\u00e9 pumy a speci\u00e1ln\u00ed oh\u0148ostrojn\u00e9 efekty pro\u0161el i p\u00edskaj\u00edc\u00ed b\u011b\u017eec v pr\u016fb\u011bhu let \u0159adou konstruk\u010dn\u00edch \u00faprav, co\u017e dokl\u00e1daj\u00ed i dochovan\u00e9 dobov\u00e9 fotografie. Na\u0161e muzeum se m\u016f\u017ee pochlubit origin\u00e1ln\u00edm balen\u00edm, kter\u00e9 obsahuje t\u0159i kusy t\u011bchto jedine\u010dn\u00fdch pyrotechnick\u00fdch v\u00fdrobk\u016f.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>T\u0159\u00edramenn\u00fd v\u011bj\u00ed\u0159<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-6238\" src=\"https:\/\/hicp.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/vejir-300x94.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"511\" height=\"160\" srcset=\"https:\/\/hicp.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/vejir-300x94.png 300w, https:\/\/hicp.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/vejir.png 567w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 511px) 100vw, 511px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>T\u0159\u00edramenn\u00fd v\u011bj\u00ed\u0159 pat\u0159il mezi klasick\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edzemn\u00ed pyrotechnick\u00e9 efekty, kter\u00e9 byly v minulosti sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed produkce firmy Zeveta. Jednalo se o nepohybliv\u00e9 t\u011bleso, jeho\u017e hlavn\u00edm \u00fakolem bylo po za\u017eehnut\u00ed vytvo\u0159it jisk\u0159iv\u00fd efekt v podob\u011b rozprost\u0159en\u00e9ho v\u011bj\u00ed\u0159e. Pro sv\u016fj vizu\u00e1ln\u011b p\u016fsobiv\u00fd v\u00fdstup byl tento efekt obl\u00edben\u00fdm prvkem p\u0159i slavnostn\u00edch oh\u0148ostroj\u00edch a dal\u0161\u00edch ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch akc\u00edch.<\/p>\n<p>Konstrukce samotn\u00e9ho v\u011bj\u00ed\u0159e vych\u00e1zela z pou\u017eit\u00ed n\u011bkolika (nej\u010dast\u011bji t\u0159\u00ed) brilantn\u00edch font\u00e1n, kter\u00e9 byly pevn\u011b spojeny do jednoho t\u011blesa. Po zap\u00e1len\u00ed font\u00e1ny sou\u010dasn\u011b chrlily proud z\u00e1\u0159iv\u00fdch jisker do r\u016fzn\u00fdch sm\u011br\u016f, \u010d\u00edm\u017e vznikl typick\u00fd v\u011bj\u00ed\u0159ovit\u00fd obrazec. Pro lep\u0161\u00ed efekt a zv\u011bt\u0161en\u00ed sc\u00e9ny pro div\u00e1ky se tyto v\u011bj\u00ed\u0159e \u010dasto instalovaly do v\u00fd\u0161ky, nap\u0159\u00edklad pomoc\u00ed d\u0159ev\u011bn\u00fdch k\u016fl\u016f nebo speci\u00e1ln\u00edch stojan\u016f.<\/p>\n<p>P\u0159i v\u011bt\u0161\u00edch oh\u0148ostrojn\u00fdch sestav\u00e1ch bylo mo\u017en\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edt v\u00edce v\u011bj\u00ed\u0159\u016f vedle sebe, rozestaven\u00fdch v pravideln\u00fdch rozestupech na n\u011bkolika metrech. V\u00fdsledkem byla \u0161irok\u00e1, z\u00e1\u0159iv\u011b jisk\u0159\u00edc\u00ed sc\u00e9na, kter\u00e1 dok\u00e1zala zaujmout a nadchnout publikum.<\/p>\n<p>P\u0159esto\u017ee se o tomto efektu dochovalo minimum detailn\u00edch informac\u00ed, je z\u0159ejm\u00e9, \u017ee t\u0159\u00edramenn\u00fd v\u011bj\u00ed\u0159 pat\u0159il mezi efektn\u00ed a vyhled\u00e1van\u00e9 prvky \u010desk\u00e9 pyrotechnick\u00e9 tradice a ukazuje na \u0159emeslnou invenci tehdej\u0161\u00edch v\u00fdrobc\u016f oh\u0148ostrojn\u00e9 pyrotechniky.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Japonsk\u00e9 slunce<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-6241\" src=\"https:\/\/hicp.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/slunce-300x138.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"138\" srcset=\"https:\/\/hicp.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/slunce-300x138.png 300w, https:\/\/hicp.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/slunce-768x352.png 768w, https:\/\/hicp.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/slunce.png 848w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Japonsk\u00e9 slunce p\u0159edstavuje jedine\u010dn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edzemn\u00ed pyrotechnick\u00fd efekt, kter\u00fd okouzluje p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm sv\u00fdm pohybem a pestr\u00fdmi barvami. Jde o speci\u00e1ln\u00ed pyrotechnickou sestavu, kter\u00e1 se po za\u017eehnut\u00ed sama uvede do rota\u010dn\u00edho pohybu, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e opisuje na zemi kru\u017enice a spir\u00e1ly a vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed tak v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u011b atraktivn\u00ed vizu\u00e1ln\u00ed pod\u00edvanou.<\/p>\n<p>Typick\u00fdm znakem Japonsk\u00e9ho slunce je bohat\u00e1 spr\u0161ka zlato\u017elut\u00fdch, nebo tak\u00e9 st\u0159\u00edbrn\u00fdch jisker, kter\u00e9 dopl\u0148uj\u00ed jasn\u00e9 a syt\u00e9 barvy plamen\u016f. Efekt je zaji\u0161t\u011bn nejen samotnou pyrotechnickou n\u00e1pln\u00ed hlavn\u00edho t\u011blesa, ale i n\u011bkolika p\u0159idan\u00fdmi mal\u00fdmi v\u00e1lcov\u00fdmi t\u011bl\u00edsky, um\u00edst\u011bn\u00fdmi na konstrukci. Tato v\u00e1lcov\u00e1 t\u011bl\u00edska jsou napln\u011bna pyrotechnickou slo\u017e\u00ed, kter\u00e1 p\u0159i ho\u0159en\u00ed vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed barevn\u00e9 plameny &#8211; nap\u0159\u00edklad \u010derven\u00e9, zelen\u00e9, modr\u00e9 nebo b\u00edl\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p>Japonsk\u00e1 slunce byla vyr\u00e1b\u011bna v r\u016fzn\u00fdch velikostech i barevn\u00fdch variant\u00e1ch, co\u017e umo\u017e\u0148ovalo jejich pou\u017eit\u00ed jak p\u0159i men\u0161\u00edch, tak p\u0159i rozs\u00e1hl\u00fdch oh\u0148ostrojn\u00fdch show. D\u00edky sv\u00e9 konstrukci a efektu rotace se stala obl\u00edbenou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed p\u0159\u00edzemn\u00edch pyrotechnick\u00fdch sestav.<\/p>\n<p>I kdy\u017e se o konkr\u00e9tn\u00edch technick\u00fdch detailech tohoto efektu dochovalo pouze minimum informac\u00ed, Japonsk\u00e9 slunce pat\u0159\u00ed bezesporu mezi vizu\u00e1ln\u011b nejp\u016fsobiv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a nejorigin\u00e1ln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pyrotechnick\u00e9 v\u00fdrobky sv\u00e9 doby. Jeho zlat\u00fd nebo st\u0159\u00edbrn\u00fd rotuj\u00edc\u00ed efekt, dopln\u011bn\u00fd o v\u00fdrazn\u00e9 barevn\u00e9 stopy, byl v\u017edy pro div\u00e1ky nezapomenuteln\u00fdm z\u00e1\u017eitkem a dodnes je vyhled\u00e1van\u00fdm prvkem v r\u00e1mci retrospektivn\u00edch oh\u0148ostrojn\u00fdch prezentac\u00ed a muzejn\u00edch sb\u00edrek.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Kulov\u00e1 puma<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-6244\" src=\"https:\/\/hicp.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/pumadetail-300x130.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"388\" height=\"168\" srcset=\"https:\/\/hicp.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/pumadetail-300x130.png 300w, https:\/\/hicp.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/pumadetail.png 492w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 388px) 100vw, 388px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Kulov\u00e1 puma je jedn\u00edm z nejikoni\u010dt\u011bj\u0161\u00edch pyrotechnick\u00fdch t\u011bles, kter\u00e1 se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed p\u0159i slavnostn\u00edch oh\u0148ostroj\u00edch a velk\u00fdch pyrotechnick\u00fdch show. Jedn\u00e1 se o stoupaj\u00edc\u00ed pyrotechnick\u00e9 t\u011bleso, kter\u00e9 se vyst\u0159eluje z mo\u017ed\u00ed\u0159e do v\u00fd\u0161ky des\u00edtek a\u017e stovek metr\u016f. Po dosa\u017een\u00ed kulmina\u010dn\u00edho bodu doch\u00e1z\u00ed k jeho roztr\u017een\u00ed, \u010d\u00edm\u017e se na obloze rozz\u00e1\u0159\u00ed n\u00e1dhern\u00e1 kytice hv\u011bzd, st\u0159\u00edbrn\u00fdch komet nebo zlat\u00fdch chvost\u016f.<\/p>\n<p>Kulov\u00e9 pumy byly ve spole\u010dnosti Zeveta vyr\u00e1b\u011bny v n\u011bkolika variant\u00e1ch, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e ka\u017ed\u00e1 nab\u00edzela jin\u00fd typ efektu a barevnosti. Nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi efekty byly hv\u011bzdov\u00e9 kytice v barv\u00e1ch b\u00edl\u00e1, \u017elut\u00e1, zelen\u00e1, \u010derven\u00e1, modr\u00e1 nebo r\u016fznobarevn\u00e9 kombinace. Velmi obl\u00edben\u00e9 byly tak\u00e9 pumy se zlat\u00fdmi chvosty, st\u0159\u00edbrn\u00fdmi kometami nebo brilantn\u00edmi &#8222;hady&#8220;, kter\u00e9 je\u0161t\u011b umoc\u0148ovaly slavnostn\u00ed atmosf\u00e9ru.<\/p>\n<p>Z pohledu konstrukce a technologie existovaly dva z\u00e1kladn\u00ed typy kulov\u00fdch pum \u2013 typ I a typ II. Oba tyto typy jsou dnes k vid\u011bn\u00ed v na\u0161em muzeu v sekci expon\u00e1ty, kde naleznete jejich podrobn\u00fd popis, konstruk\u010dn\u00ed anal\u00fdzu a uk\u00e1zky pou\u017eit\u00fdch materi\u00e1l\u016f. Expozice poskytuje n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvn\u00edk\u016fm jedine\u010dnou mo\u017enost bl\u00ed\u017ee se sezn\u00e1mit s v\u00fdvojem pyrotechnick\u00fdch efekt\u016f, historick\u00fdmi postupy v\u00fdroby a s rozd\u00edly mezi jednotliv\u00fdmi generacemi kulov\u00fdch pum.<\/p>\n<p><strong>V\u00e1lcov\u00e1 puma<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-6247\" src=\"https:\/\/hicp.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/italskapuma-300x193.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"193\" srcset=\"https:\/\/hicp.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/italskapuma-300x193.png 300w, https:\/\/hicp.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/italskapuma.png 478w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>V\u00e1lcov\u00e1 puma je velk\u00e9 pyrotechnick\u00e9 t\u011bleso v\u00e1lcov\u00e9ho tvaru, ur\u010den\u00e9 k vyst\u0159elov\u00e1n\u00ed z ocelov\u00e9ho mo\u017ed\u00ed\u0159e. Po dosa\u017een\u00ed vrcholn\u00e9ho bodu vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed bohatou sv\u011btelnou kask\u00e1du v r\u016fzn\u00fdch barv\u00e1ch \u2013 b\u00edl\u00e1, \u017elut\u00e1, zelen\u00e1, \u010derven\u00e1, modr\u00e1 \u010di kombinace, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b dopln\u011bnou o zlat\u00e9 chvosty, st\u0159\u00edbrn\u00e9 komety nebo t\u0159pytky.<\/p>\n<p>V Zevet\u011b se v\u00e1lcov\u00e9 pumy, \u010dasto naz\u00fdvan\u00e9 tak\u00e9 \u201eitalsk\u00e9\u201c, vyr\u00e1b\u011bly od roku 1954. Oproti kulov\u00fdm pum\u00e1m maj\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed po\u010det sv\u011btlic a umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed tak\u00e9 kombinovan\u00e9 efekty (nap\u0159\u00edklad konfety, d\u00fdmovni\u010dky nebo figurky). Barva laku na t\u011blese ur\u010dovala druh sv\u011btlice a efektu.<\/p>\n<p>P\u016fvodn\u011b byly v\u00e1lcov\u00e9 pumy vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed, pozd\u011bji byla d\u00e9lka z bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edch d\u016fvod\u016f zkr\u00e1cena a konstrukce upravena podobn\u011b jako u kulov\u00fdch pum. Typick\u00fdm znakem byla barevn\u00e1 povrchov\u00e1 \u00faprava a v\u00fdrazn\u00e9 ozna\u010den\u00ed spodn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti pro spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 vlo\u017een\u00ed do mo\u017ed\u00ed\u0159e.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>L\u00e9tavice<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-6248\" src=\"https:\/\/hicp.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/letavice-300x143.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"380\" height=\"181\" srcset=\"https:\/\/hicp.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/letavice-300x143.png 300w, https:\/\/hicp.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/letavice.png 443w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 380px) 100vw, 380px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>L\u00e9tavice je\u00a0 v\u00e1lcov\u00e9 oh\u0148ostrojn\u00e9 t\u011bleso vyst\u0159elovan\u00e9 z mo\u017ed\u00ed\u0159e, kter\u00e9 po v\u00fdst\u0159elu do v\u00fd\u0161ky 40\u201380 m vytvo\u0159\u00ed na obloze mohutn\u00fd hrozen sv\u00edt\u00edc\u00edch a z\u00e1\u0159\u00edc\u00edch \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed \u2013 tzv. \u201eTul\u00e1k\u016f\u201c. Efekt je doprov\u00e1zen oslniv\u00fdmi z\u00e1blesky a siln\u00fdmi zvukov\u00fdmi v\u00fdbuchy, d\u00edky \u010demu\u017e byla L\u00e9tavice pova\u017eov\u00e1na za nejefektn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a nejhlu\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdrobek Zevety. Povrch t\u011blesa je charakteristicky ozna\u010den barvou khaki. L\u00e9tavice se stala legendou nejen v \u010desk\u00e9 pyrotechnice, ale objevila se i v n\u011bkolika \u010desk\u00fdch filmech.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Um\u011bl\u00fd d\u00fdm pro filmov\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dely<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-6358\" src=\"https:\/\/hicp.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/umely-dym.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"240\" height=\"272\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Um\u011bl\u00fd d\u00fdm pro filmov\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dely tvo\u0159\u00ed sypk\u00e1 pyrotechnick\u00e1 sm\u011bs, kterou filmov\u00fd pyrotechnik odsyp\u00e1val podle aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed pot\u0159eby p\u0159\u00edmo na place. Tento materi\u00e1l umo\u017e\u0148oval rychle a efektivn\u011b vytvo\u0159it pot\u0159ebn\u00fd kou\u0159ov\u00fd efekt pro nat\u00e1\u010den\u00ed sc\u00e9n.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-6359\" src=\"https:\/\/hicp.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/nasazovaci-zapalovac-300x232.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"232\" srcset=\"https:\/\/hicp.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/nasazovaci-zapalovac-300x232.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/hicp.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/nasazovaci-zapalovac.jpeg 343w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Mezi dal\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdrobky Zevety pat\u0159ily tak\u00e9: d\u011blov\u00e1 r\u00e1na oh\u0148ostrojn\u00e1<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-6369\" src=\"https:\/\/hicp.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/delova-rana-181x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"181\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/hicp.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/delova-rana-181x300.jpg 181w, https:\/\/hicp.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/delova-rana.jpg 485w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 181px) 100vw, 181px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>Fiesta Sibillante, dal\u0161\u00ed pom\u016fcky a &#8222;pouta\u010d&#8220;<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Mezi dal\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdrobky pat\u0159ily mal\u00e9 p\u00edskaj\u00edc\u00ed raketky s n\u00e1zvem Fiesta Sibillante, kter\u00e9 byly ur\u010deny i pro export do It\u00e1lie. Krom\u011b toho se vyr\u00e1b\u011bla tak\u00e9 \u010dernoprachov\u00e1 stopina a komunika\u010dn\u00ed trubice. Pro iniciaci pyrotechnick\u00fdch v\u00fdrobk\u016f se pou\u017e\u00edval v\u011btruvzdorn\u00fd zapalova\u010d nebo speci\u00e1ln\u00ed oh\u0148ostrojn\u00e1 pochode\u0148.<\/p>\n<p>Zaj\u00edmavost\u00ed byl i v\u00fdrobek naz\u00fdvan\u00fd \u201epouta\u010d\u201c \u2013 n\u011bkolik d\u011blobuch\u016f spojen\u00fdch dohromady a \u010dasovan\u011b odpalovan\u00fdch. Pouta\u010d slou\u017eil jako zvukov\u00e1 upout\u00e1vka p\u0159ed za\u010d\u00e1tkem oh\u0148ostroje, aby div\u00e1ci v\u011bd\u011bli, \u017ee se bl\u00ed\u017e\u00ed samotn\u00e9 p\u0159edstaven\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-6364\" src=\"https:\/\/hicp.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/poutac-300x252.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"252\" srcset=\"https:\/\/hicp.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/poutac-300x252.jpg 300w, https:\/\/hicp.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/poutac.jpg 634w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>V roce 1954 se z\u00e1vod v Bojkovic\u00edch stal samostatn\u00fdm podnikem pod n\u00e1zvem \u201eVl\u00e1rsk\u00e9 stroj\u00edrny n.p. Bojkovice\u201c. Pr\u00e1v\u011b toto obdob\u00ed znamenalo z\u00e1sadn\u00ed miln\u00edk v historii podniku, proto\u017ee zde byla zah\u00e1jena v\u00fdroba speci\u00e1ln\u00ed sign\u00e1ln\u00ed munice, civiln\u00ed pyrotechniky i sou\u010d\u00e1stkov\u00e1 kooperace s dal\u0161\u00edmi pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdmi podniky. Nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zm\u011bnou se v\u0161ak stal rozvoj v\u00fdroby \u201evelk\u00e9\u201c profesion\u00e1ln\u00ed oh\u0148ostrojn\u00e9 pyrotechniky, kter\u00e1 byla ur\u010dena p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm pro st\u00e1tn\u00ed oslavy, ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 slavnosti 1. m\u00e1je, V\u0158SR a dal\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 ud\u00e1losti.<\/p>\n<p>Zeveta Bojkovice se postupn\u011b stala jedin\u00fdm podnikem v cel\u00e9m \u010ceskoslovensku, kter\u00fd komplexn\u011b vyr\u00e1b\u011bl velkou profesion\u00e1ln\u00ed pyrotechniku ur\u010denou pro oh\u0148ostroje. Sortiment zahrnoval vysokoletn\u00e9 rakety, kulov\u00e9 pumy, v\u00e1lcov\u00e9 (italsk\u00e9) pumy, speci\u00e1ln\u00ed sv\u011btlicov\u00e9 pumy i unik\u00e1tn\u00ed v\u00fdrobek s n\u00e1zvem L\u00e9tavice. Typick\u00fdm rysem bylo barevn\u00e9 zna\u010den\u00ed p\u0159\u00edmo na t\u011ble v\u00fdrobku \u2013 barva povrchu nebo pruh jasn\u011b ozna\u010dovaly efekt, kter\u00fd puma po v\u00fdst\u0159elu vytvo\u0159\u00ed. U multifarebn\u00fdch efekt\u016f se pou\u017e\u00edvalo d\u011blen\u00ed poloviny t\u011bla r\u016fzn\u00fdmi barvami, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b speci\u00e1ln\u00ed zna\u010dky pro efekty se st\u0159\u00edbrn\u00fdmi nebo zlat\u00fdmi chvosty.<\/p>\n<p>Organizace a pr\u016fb\u011bh velk\u00fdch oh\u0148ostroj\u016f byly v t\u00e9to dob\u011b pod\u0159\u00edzeny p\u0159\u00edsn\u00e9 odbornosti a bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edm pravidl\u016fm. Oh\u0148ostroje pro nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed m\u011bsta, jako byly Praha, Brno, Ostrava nebo Bratislava, zaji\u0161\u0165ovali p\u0159\u00edmo pracovn\u00edci Zevety. Ve zbytku republiky, v men\u0161\u00edch m\u011bstech a obc\u00edch, byli za realizaci odpov\u011bdn\u00ed pro\u0161kolen\u00ed pyrotechnici, st\u0159elmist\u0159i, p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edci Sboru n\u00e1rodn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti nebo Lidov\u00fdch milic\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed absolvovali \u0161kolen\u00ed a instrukt\u00e1\u017e pr\u00e1v\u011b v Zevet\u011b. V ka\u017ed\u00e9m regionu tak p\u016fsobil odborn\u011b vy\u0161kolen\u00fd specialista, kter\u00fd m\u011bl za \u00fakol nejen oh\u0148ostroj odp\u00e1lit, ale i zajistit jeho bezpe\u010dn\u00fd pr\u016fb\u011bh podle tehdej\u0161\u00edch p\u0159edpis\u016f a metodiky podniku.<\/p>\n<p>Tato centralizace v\u00fdroby a odborn\u00e1 garance bezpe\u010dnosti ud\u011blaly ze Zevety Bojkovice po n\u011bkolik desetilet\u00ed naprost\u00fd monopol v oblasti profesion\u00e1ln\u00ed oh\u0148ostrojn\u00e9 pyrotechniky v \u010ceskoslovensku. V\u00fdrobky Zevety se tak staly ned\u00edlnou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed velkolep\u00fdch st\u00e1tn\u00edch slavnost\u00ed a zapsaly se do pam\u011bti n\u011bkolika generac\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-6297\" src=\"https:\/\/hicp.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/proskoleni-pracovniku-300x226.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"226\" srcset=\"https:\/\/hicp.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/proskoleni-pracovniku-300x226.jpg 300w, https:\/\/hicp.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/proskoleni-pracovniku-1024x772.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/hicp.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/proskoleni-pracovniku-768x579.jpg 768w, https:\/\/hicp.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/proskoleni-pracovniku-1536x1158.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/hicp.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/proskoleni-pracovniku.jpg 1660w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed p\u0159edpisy v podstat\u011b podobn\u00e9 t\u011bm dne\u0161n\u00edm. Pevn\u00e1 pracovn\u00ed obuv, oblek, ide\u00e1ln\u011b pogumovan\u00fd pl\u00e1\u0161\u0165, rukavice, helma, br\u00fdle \u010di \u0161t\u00edt.<\/p>\n<p>V\u0161echny sou\u010d\u00e1sti vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch pouzder oh\u0148ostrojn\u00fdch pyrotechnick\u00fdch v\u00fdrobk\u016f, kter\u00e9 byly vyr\u00e1b\u011bny v Zevet\u011b i v dal\u0161\u00edch tuzemsk\u00fdch podnic\u00edch, byly z d\u016fvodu bezpe\u010dnosti v\u017edy konstruov\u00e1ny p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b z pap\u00edru. D\u016fvodem pro tento postup byla snaha minimalizovat riziko vzniku nebezpe\u010dn\u00fdch \u00falomk\u016f p\u0159i explozi a z\u00e1rove\u0148 umo\u017enit co nejbezpe\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed manipulaci s t\u011bmito v\u00fdrobky jak ve v\u00fdrob\u011b, tak p\u0159i samotn\u00e9m odpalov\u00e1n\u00ed. Pap\u00edrov\u00fd obal nejen\u017ee p\u0159i explozi nep\u0159edstavuje t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 ohro\u017een\u00ed pro div\u00e1ky \u010di obsluhu, ale tak\u00e9 nevede elektrick\u00fd proud a dob\u0159e se rozkl\u00e1d\u00e1 v p\u0159\u00edrod\u011b.<\/p>\n<p>Pou\u017eit\u00ed pap\u00edrov\u00fdch pouzder ov\u0161em z\u00e1sadn\u011b ovliv\u0148uje i volbu pohonn\u00e9 n\u00e1pln\u011b a zp\u016fsob vyst\u0159elov\u00e1n\u00ed. Z konstruk\u010dn\u00edch a bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edch d\u016fvod\u016f je mo\u017en\u00e9 v\u0161echny tyto oh\u0148ostrojn\u00e9 prost\u0159edky vyst\u0159elovat pouze pomoc\u00ed \u010dern\u00e9ho prachu. \u010cern\u00fd prach je tradi\u010dn\u00ed pyrotechnick\u00e1 slo\u017e, kter\u00e1 ho\u0159\u00ed dostate\u010dn\u011b rychle i p\u0159i n\u00edzk\u00fdch tlac\u00edch a n\u00edzk\u00e9 hustot\u011b n\u00e1pln\u011b. Jeho rychlost ho\u0159en\u00ed je nav\u00edc jen minim\u00e1ln\u011b z\u00e1visl\u00e1 na okoln\u00edm tlaku, co\u017e je v\u00fdhoda pr\u00e1v\u011b p\u0159i pou\u017eit\u00ed v pap\u00edrov\u00fdch obalech, kter\u00e9 nesm\u00ed b\u00fdt vystaveny p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 vysok\u00e9mu tlaku, aby nedo\u0161lo k jejich p\u0159ed\u010dasn\u00e9 destrukci. T\u00edm je zaji\u0161t\u011bna bezpe\u010dnost jak p\u0159i v\u00fdrob\u011b, tak p\u0159i provozu oh\u0148ostroj\u016f.<\/p>\n<p>V praxi se ka\u017ed\u00fd druh oh\u0148ostrojn\u00e9ho v\u00fdrobku odpaluje podle p\u0159esn\u011b stanoven\u00fdch pravidel a za pou\u017eit\u00ed vhodn\u00e9ho vybaven\u00ed:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Vysokoletn\u00e9 rakety jsou opat\u0159eny d\u0159ev\u011bn\u00fdmi stabiliz\u00e1tory, kter\u00e9 slou\u017e\u00ed k veden\u00ed letu. P\u0159ed odp\u00e1len\u00edm se tyto stabiliz\u00e1tory zasouvaj\u00ed do speci\u00e1ln\u00edch odpalovac\u00edch konstrukc\u00ed, kter\u00e9 zaji\u0161\u0165uj\u00ed spr\u00e1vn\u00fd \u00fahel vzletu a bezpe\u010dnost obsluhy.<\/li>\n<li>Kulov\u00e9 pumy se vyst\u0159eluj\u00ed z takzvan\u00fdch mo\u017ed\u00ed\u0159\u016f, co\u017e jsou robustn\u00ed trubice ur\u010den\u00e9 pro bezpe\u010dn\u00e9 vyst\u0159elen\u00ed puma do v\u00fd\u0161ky. V minulosti se pou\u017e\u00edvaly jak silnost\u011bnn\u00e9 pap\u00edrov\u00e9, tak i ocelov\u00e9 mo\u017ed\u00ed\u0159e, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e pap\u00edrov\u00e9 nab\u00edzely v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed bezpe\u010dnost p\u0159i p\u0159\u00edpadn\u00e9m selh\u00e1n\u00ed puma.<\/li>\n<li>V\u00e1lcov\u00e9 pumy (italsk\u00e9) byly z konstruk\u010dn\u00edch d\u016fvod\u016f t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 v\u017edy odpalov\u00e1ny pouze z ocelov\u00fdch mo\u017ed\u00ed\u0159\u016f. Jejich tvar a v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed d\u00e9lka vy\u017eadovaly pevn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed konstrukci mo\u017ed\u00ed\u0159e i zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed stability p\u0159i v\u00fdst\u0159elu.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Podle tehdej\u0161\u00edch bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edch p\u0159edpis\u016f se mo\u017ed\u00ed\u0159 zakop\u00e1val p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b ze t\u0159\u00ed \u010dtvrtin sv\u00e9 d\u00e9lky do zem\u011b, co\u017e minimalizovalo riziko jeho p\u0159evr\u00e1cen\u00ed a zv\u00fd\u0161ilo celkovou stabilitu p\u0159i odpalov\u00e1n\u00ed. Mo\u017ed\u00ed\u0159e byly rozmis\u0165ov\u00e1ny v bezpe\u010dn\u00fdch vzd\u00e1lenostech od sebe, aby se p\u0159ede\u0161lo p\u0159\u00edpadn\u00e9mu domino efektu p\u0159i nehod\u011b. Pro zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b velkolep\u00e9 efekty a synchronn\u00ed odpaly se z mo\u017ed\u00ed\u0159\u016f \u010dasto vytv\u00e1\u0159ela takzvan\u00e1 hromadn\u00e1 hn\u00edzda \u2013 skupiny n\u011bkolika mo\u017ed\u00ed\u0159\u016f um\u00edst\u011bn\u00fdch vedle sebe, co\u017e umo\u017e\u0148ovalo odp\u00e1lit v\u00edce pum sou\u010dasn\u011b nebo v rychl\u00e9m sledu.<\/p>\n<p>D\u016fraz na bezpe\u010dnost, spolehlivost a efektivitu odpalu byl v tehdej\u0161\u00ed praxi naprostou prioritou a v\u0161echny tyto z\u00e1sady dodnes tvo\u0159\u00ed z\u00e1klad modern\u00ed pyrotechnick\u00e9 praxe.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-6299\" src=\"https:\/\/hicp.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/nabijeni-mozdiru-242x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"242\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/hicp.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/nabijeni-mozdiru-242x300.jpg 242w, https:\/\/hicp.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/nabijeni-mozdiru.jpg 749w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 242px) 100vw, 242px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>V sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b se v oblasti profesion\u00e1ln\u00ed pyrotechniky b\u011b\u017en\u011b pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed mo\u017ed\u00ed\u0159e vyroben\u00e9 ze sklolamin\u00e1tu, HDPE (vysokohustotn\u00edho polyetylenu) nebo z kovu, nej\u010dast\u011bji z hlin\u00edku \u010di oceli. Tyto materi\u00e1ly nab\u00edzej\u00ed vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed pevnost, odolnost v\u016f\u010di opot\u0159eben\u00ed i vysokou bezpe\u010dnost p\u0159i opakovan\u00e9m pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed na oh\u0148ostrojov\u00fdch akc\u00edch. Sklolamin\u00e1tov\u00e9 mo\u017ed\u00ed\u0159e jsou cen\u011bny p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm pro svou n\u00edzkou hmotnost, snadnou manipulaci a minim\u00e1ln\u00ed riziko vzniku nebezpe\u010dn\u00fdch \u00falomk\u016f p\u0159i p\u0159\u00edpadn\u00e9m incidentu. Modern\u00ed HDPE mo\u017ed\u00ed\u0159e zase vynikaj\u00ed svou pru\u017enost\u00ed a schopnost\u00ed odol\u00e1vat extr\u00e9mn\u00edm tlak\u016fm i teplot\u00e1m, co\u017e je kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 p\u0159i odpalov\u00e1n\u00ed kulov\u00fdch pum a dal\u0161\u00edch pyrotechnick\u00fdch v\u00fdrobk\u016f.<\/p>\n<p>Krom\u011b tradi\u010dn\u00edch oh\u0148ostrojn\u00fdch efekt\u016f, jako jsou vysokoletn\u00e9 rakety, kulov\u00e9 pumy nebo v\u00e1lcov\u00e9 pumy (\u010dasto ozna\u010dovan\u00e9 jako italsk\u00e9 pumy), se v minulosti na ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch oslav\u00e1ch a slavnostech hojn\u011b vyu\u017e\u00edvaly tak\u00e9 arm\u00e1dn\u00ed signaliza\u010dn\u00ed prost\u0159edky. Typick\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edkladem jsou sign\u00e1ln\u00ed n\u00e1boje r\u00e1\u017ee 26,5 mm, kter\u00e9 nab\u00edzely \u0161irokou paletu no\u010dn\u00edch efekt\u016f, nap\u0159\u00edklad kr\u00e1tk\u00fd nebo dlouh\u00fd \u010derven\u00fd d\u00e9\u0161\u0165, zelenou hv\u011bzdu, \u010dervenou hv\u011bzdu, b\u00edlou hv\u011bzdu \u010di b\u00edlou hv\u011bzdu na pad\u00e1\u010dku. \u010casto se pou\u017e\u00edval i \u0161rapnel pro dramatick\u00fd efekt. Mezi dal\u0161\u00ed b\u011b\u017en\u011b vyu\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 arm\u00e1dn\u00ed prost\u0159edky pat\u0159ily ru\u010dn\u00ed osv\u011btlovac\u00ed rakety typu \u0420\u0421\u041f-30, 40-R-Os nebo CXT-40. Kuriozitou byl tak\u00e9 osv\u011btlovac\u00ed prost\u0159edek Os 60, co\u017e byla speci\u00e1ln\u00ed kulov\u00e1 puma kalibru 150 mm se sv\u011btlic\u00ed a pad\u00e1kem, kter\u00e1 umo\u017e\u0148ovala dlouhodob\u00e9 osv\u011btlen\u00ed prostoru nap\u0159\u00edklad p\u0159i hromadn\u00fdch akc\u00edch.<\/p>\n<p>P\u0159i zp\u011btn\u00e9m pohledu na v\u00fdvoj velk\u00e9 profesion\u00e1ln\u00ed pyrotechniky v Zevet\u011b Bojkovice nen\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9 s jistotou \u0159\u00edci, co p\u0159esn\u011b st\u00e1lo za inspirac\u00ed jej\u00edch in\u017een\u00fdr\u016f. Je v\u0161ak patrn\u00e9, \u017ee konstruk\u010dn\u00ed tvary v\u00e1lcov\u00fdch pum a \u0159ada technick\u00fdch detail\u016f n\u00e1padn\u011b p\u0159ipom\u00ednaj\u00ed historick\u00e9 a tradi\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdrobky z It\u00e1lie. Pr\u00e1v\u011b proto se v \u010desk\u00e9m prost\u0159ed\u00ed t\u011bmto v\u00fdrobk\u016fm za\u010dalo \u0159\u00edkat &#8222;italsk\u00e9 pumy&#8220;, p\u0159esto\u017ee v tehdej\u0161\u00ed dob\u011b neexistovala mo\u017enost leg\u00e1ln\u00edho dovozu pyrotechniky ze zahrani\u010d\u00ed, a v\u0161e muselo b\u00fdt \u0159e\u0161eno dom\u00e1c\u00edm v\u00fdvojem a v\u00fdrobou.<\/p>\n<p>Za zm\u00ednku stoj\u00ed tak\u00e9 p\u0159esn\u00e9 rozm\u011bry pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdch pyrotechnick\u00fdch efekt\u016f. Nap\u0159\u00edklad kulov\u00e9 i v\u00e1lcov\u00e9 pumy vyr\u00e1b\u011bn\u00e9 v Zevet\u011b m\u011bly ve skute\u010dnosti pr\u016fm\u011br 89\u201390 mm, p\u0159esto\u017ee se b\u011b\u017en\u011b uv\u00e1d\u011bly jako kalibr 100 mm, proto\u017ee byly odpalov\u00e1ny z mo\u017ed\u00ed\u0159\u016f t\u00e9to velikosti. Podobn\u00e1 situace panuje i v dne\u0161n\u00ed dob\u011b: modern\u00ed \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9 kulov\u00e9 pumy maj\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161inou pr\u016fm\u011br 92 a\u017e 95 mm (v z\u00e1vislosti na konkr\u00e9tn\u00edm v\u00fdrobci), zat\u00edmco HDPE mo\u017ed\u00ed\u0159e se vyr\u00e1b\u011bj\u00ed v rozm\u011brech nap\u0159\u00edklad 110&#215;4,2 mm a\u017e 110&#215;6,6 mm. Sklolamin\u00e1tov\u00e9 mo\u017ed\u00ed\u0159e maj\u00ed rozm\u011bry op\u011bt m\u00edrn\u011b odli\u0161n\u00e9, co\u017e je d\u00e1no specifikem pou\u017eit\u00e9ho materi\u00e1lu a v\u00fdrobn\u00ed technologi\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Tato rozmanitost produkt\u016f, materi\u00e1l\u016f a technologi\u00ed odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed bohatou historii i neust\u00e1l\u00fd v\u00fdvoj v oblasti pyrotechniky, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e bezpe\u010dnost, efektivita a vizu\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u016fsobivost z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed i nad\u00e1le hlavn\u00edmi prioritami jak u profesion\u00e1ln\u00edch oh\u0148ostroj\u016f, tak p\u0159i v\u00fdrob\u011b a pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed mo\u017ed\u00ed\u0159\u016f \u010di dal\u0161\u00edch pyrotechnick\u00fdch prost\u0159edk\u016f.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Zeveta Bojkovice<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-6312\" src=\"https:\/\/hicp.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/valcove-pumy-zeveta-1-300x273.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"273\" srcset=\"https:\/\/hicp.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/valcove-pumy-zeveta-1-300x273.jpg 300w, https:\/\/hicp.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/valcove-pumy-zeveta-1.jpg 552w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Italsk\u00e9 v\u00e1lcov\u00e9 pumy\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-6274\" src=\"https:\/\/hicp.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/italske-valcove-pumy-300x273.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"273\" srcset=\"https:\/\/hicp.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/italske-valcove-pumy-300x273.jpg 300w, https:\/\/hicp.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/italske-valcove-pumy.jpg 552w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>V obou p\u0159\u00edpadech, tedy jak u kulov\u00fdch, tak v\u00e1lcov\u00fdch pum, se nach\u00e1z\u00ed ve spodn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti takzvan\u00fd v\u00fdmet, kter\u00fd slou\u017e\u00ed k vyst\u0159elen\u00ed t\u011blesa z mo\u017ed\u00ed\u0159e do vzduchu. V horn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti pumy je v\u017edy obdobn\u00e9 technick\u00e9 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed iniciace efektu. V\u00fdvoj v\u00e1lcov\u00fdch pum v\u0161ak pro\u0161el v pr\u016fb\u011bhu let v\u00fdznamnou zm\u011bnou: b\u011bhem 80. let do\u0161lo z bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edch i ekonomick\u00fdch d\u016fvod\u016f ke zkr\u00e1cen\u00ed jejich d\u00e9lky. Zat\u00edmco p\u016fvodn\u00ed v\u00e1lcov\u00e9 pumy Zevety (viz fotografie v\u00fd\u0161e) m\u011bly v\u00fd\u0161ku p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 23\u201325 cm v\u010detn\u011b horn\u00edho zpo\u017e\u010fova\u010de, po modernizaci byla jejich d\u00e9lka zhruba polovi\u010dn\u00ed, tedy okolo 12 cm.<\/p>\n<p>Tato zm\u011bna se projevila i v konstrukci zpo\u017e\u010fova\u010de, kter\u00fd byl nov\u011b um\u00edst\u011bn do spodn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti v\u00fdmetu, podobn\u011b jako je tomu u kulov\u00fdch pum. D\u00edky t\u00e9to \u00faprav\u011b byla manipulace s pumou jednodu\u0161\u0161\u00ed a bezpe\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. Aby se p\u0159ede\u0161lo necht\u011bn\u00e9mu vlo\u017een\u00ed pumy obr\u00e1cen\u011b, byla v\u00e1lcov\u00e1 puma na spodn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti v\u00fdmetu opat\u0159ena v\u00fdrazn\u00fdm \u0161t\u00edtkem s n\u00e1pisem: \u201ePOZOR V\u00ddMET! \u2013 vlo\u017eit v\u00fdmetem a\u017e na dno mo\u017ed\u00ed\u0159e\u201c. U kulov\u00fdch pum tato situace nenast\u00e1vala, proto\u017ee jejich k\u00f3nick\u00fd tvar jasn\u011b ur\u010doval, kter\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st pat\u0159\u00ed ke dnu mo\u017ed\u00ed\u0159e.<\/p>\n<p>Tato konstruktivn\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed nejen zv\u00fd\u0161ila bezpe\u010dnost p\u0159i odpalov\u00e1n\u00ed oh\u0148ostroj\u016f, ale z\u00e1rove\u0148 p\u0159isp\u011bla k v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed spolehlivosti i prakti\u010dnosti p\u0159i manipulaci a p\u0159\u00edprav\u011b profesion\u00e1ln\u00edch pyrotechnick\u00fdch efekt\u016f.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-6310\" src=\"https:\/\/hicp.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/valcova-puma-zelena-1-240x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"240\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/hicp.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/valcova-puma-zelena-1-240x300.jpg 240w, https:\/\/hicp.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/valcova-puma-zelena-1.jpg 413w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 240px) 100vw, 240px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b klasick\u00fdch sv\u011btlicov\u00fdch kulov\u00fdch a v\u00e1lcov\u00fdch pum se pou\u017e\u00edval v\u00fdhradn\u011b kalibr 100 mm. Tyto pyrotechnick\u00e9 v\u00fdrobky byly ur\u010deny p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm pro no\u010dn\u00ed efekty a jejich hlavn\u00edm \u00fakolem bylo vytvo\u0159it intenzivn\u00ed sv\u011btelnou pod\u00edvanou na obloze b\u011bhem oh\u0148ostroj\u016f a slavnostn\u00edch akc\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Pro denn\u00ed efekty se v\u0161ak v pyrotechnick\u00e9m pr\u016fmyslu vyu\u017e\u00edval speci\u00e1ln\u00ed prost\u0159edek zn\u00e1m\u00fd pod n\u00e1zvem \u201ePrapory\u201c. Jednalo se o unik\u00e1tn\u00ed kulov\u00e9 pumy s kalibrem 150 mm, jejich\u017e konstrukce byla p\u0159izp\u016fsobena pr\u00e1v\u011b pro zviditeln\u011bn\u00ed efektu i za denn\u00edho sv\u011btla. Tato puma byla rozd\u011blen\u00e1 na dv\u011b \u010d\u00e1sti. Ve spodn\u00ed polovin\u011b se nach\u00e1zela rozpojovac\u00ed a inertn\u00ed n\u00e1pl\u0148, kter\u00e1 slou\u017eila k bezpe\u010dn\u00e9mu rozd\u011blen\u00ed pumy po odp\u00e1len\u00ed. V horn\u00ed polovin\u011b byla pe\u010dliv\u011b slo\u017een\u00e1 vlajka \u2013 na spodn\u00edm konci zat\u00ed\u017een\u00e1, na horn\u00edm opat\u0159en\u00e1 brzd\u00edc\u00edm pad\u00e1\u010dkem. Po vyst\u0159elen\u00ed a n\u00e1sledn\u00e9m rozpojen\u00ed ve v\u00fd\u0161ce se vlajka automaticky rozvinula a pomalu se sn\u00e1\u0161ela k zemi, \u010d\u00edm\u017e vytvo\u0159ila v\u00fdrazn\u00fd denn\u00ed efekt viditeln\u00fd i z velk\u00e9 vzd\u00e1lenosti.<\/p>\n<p>Zaj\u00edmavost\u00ed je, \u017ee podobn\u00e9 pumy byly v tehdej\u0161\u00ed N\u011bmeck\u00e9 demokratick\u00e9 republice (DDR) velmi roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00e9 pod n\u00e1zvem \u201eFlaggenbombe\u201c. Vyr\u00e1b\u011bly se nejen v kalibru 150 mm, ale dokonce i v\u011bt\u0161\u00edm 200 mm. V\u00fdznamn\u00fdm v\u00fdrobcem t\u011bchto speci\u00e1ln\u00edch denn\u00edch pyrotechnick\u00fdch prost\u0159edk\u016f byla firma VEB Pyrotechnik, Silberh\u00fctte \u2013 Werk Berlin Buchholz. Tyto prapory a flaggenbomby byly \u010dasto vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1ny p\u0159i vojensk\u00fdch p\u0159ehl\u00eddk\u00e1ch, st\u00e1tn\u00edch slavnostech i v\u00fdznamn\u00fdch sportovn\u00edch nebo politick\u00fdch ud\u00e1lostech, kde bylo pot\u0159eba upoutat pozornost a zanechat siln\u00fd vizu\u00e1ln\u00ed dojem i za pln\u00e9ho denn\u00edho sv\u011btla.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-6283\" src=\"https:\/\/hicp.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/Flaggenbombe-kalibr-150mm-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" srcset=\"https:\/\/hicp.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/Flaggenbombe-kalibr-150mm-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/hicp.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/Flaggenbombe-kalibr-150mm-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/hicp.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/Flaggenbombe-kalibr-150mm-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/hicp.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/Flaggenbombe-kalibr-150mm.jpg 1080w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-6287\" src=\"https:\/\/hicp.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/prapory-1-161x300.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"161\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/hicp.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/prapory-1-161x300.jpeg 161w, https:\/\/hicp.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/prapory-1-550x1024.jpeg 550w, https:\/\/hicp.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/prapory-1.jpeg 589w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 161px) 100vw, 161px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Pozd\u011bji se v\u00fdrob\u011b tzv. \u201eTagesbombe\u201c v\u011bnovala tak\u00e9 v\u00fdznamn\u00e1 n\u011bmeck\u00e1 spole\u010dnost Weco. Tyto denn\u00ed bomby navazovaly na tradici speci\u00e1ln\u00edch pyrotechnick\u00fdch efekt\u016f ur\u010den\u00fdch p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm pro denn\u00ed pou\u017eit\u00ed, nap\u0159\u00edklad p\u0159i velk\u00fdch ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch oslav\u00e1ch, vojensk\u00fdch p\u0159ehl\u00eddk\u00e1ch nebo sportovn\u00edch ud\u00e1lostech. Tagesbombe fungovala na podobn\u00e9m principu jako \u201eprapory\u201c \u010di \u201eflaggenbombe\u201c \u2013 po vyst\u0159elen\u00ed do v\u00fd\u0161ky do\u0161lo k rozpojen\u00ed t\u011bla pumy a na pad\u00e1\u010dku se snesl barevn\u00fd prapor, vlajka nebo jin\u00fd v\u00fdrazn\u00fd objekt, kter\u00fd byl dob\u0159e viditeln\u00fd i za pln\u00e9ho denn\u00edho sv\u011btla.<\/p>\n<p>Spole\u010dnost Weco tak nav\u00e1zala na p\u0159edchoz\u00ed inovace v oblasti denn\u00ed pyrotechniky a d\u00edky sv\u00e9mu technologick\u00e9mu z\u00e1zem\u00ed posunula kvalitu a spolehlivost t\u011bchto efekt\u016f na je\u0161t\u011b vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed \u00farove\u0148. Tagesbombe od Weco byly rovn\u011b\u017e velmi vyhled\u00e1van\u00e9 na velk\u00fdch slavnostech v N\u011bmecku a sv\u00fdm netradi\u010dn\u00edm efektem v\u017edy vzbudily zaslou\u017eenou pozornost publika.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-6293\" src=\"https:\/\/hicp.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/Weco-tagesbombe-300x225.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" srcset=\"https:\/\/hicp.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/Weco-tagesbombe-300x225.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/hicp.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/Weco-tagesbombe-1024x768.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/hicp.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/Weco-tagesbombe-768x576.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/hicp.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/Weco-tagesbombe.jpeg 1080w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Origin\u00e1ln\u00ed dobov\u00e9 video z t\u00e9 doby bohu\u017eel nem\u00e1me k dispozici, proto alespo\u0148 pro p\u0159edstavu p\u0159ikl\u00e1d\u00e1me modern\u00ed video, kter\u00e9 ukazuje, jak podobn\u00fd denn\u00ed pyrotechnick\u00fd efekt vypad\u00e1 v praxi. I kdy\u017e se jedn\u00e1 o sou\u010dasn\u00e9 z\u00e1znamy, princip a vizu\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinek t\u011bchto denn\u00edch pum z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 velmi podobn\u00fd historick\u00fdm v\u00fdrobk\u016fm, kter\u00e9 se pou\u017e\u00edvaly v minulosti. Video n\u00e1zorn\u011b demonstruje rozvinut\u00ed vlajky \u010di barevn\u00e9ho objektu na pad\u00e1\u010dku po v\u00fdmetu do vzduchu, co\u017e v\u017edy vzbudilo pozornost a z\u00e1jem div\u00e1k\u016f nejen p\u0159i slavnostn\u00edch p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitostech.<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"125mm Flaggenbombe Schweizerkreuz | Hamberger\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/6fmEAmriZM4?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>Krom\u011b \u201ePrapor\u016f\u201c existovaly tak\u00e9 speci\u00e1ln\u00ed typy kulov\u00fdch pum, kter\u00e9 po v\u00fdmetu rozhodily mal\u00e1 barevn\u00e1 pap\u00edrov\u00e1 zv\u00ed\u0159\u00e1tka. Jednalo se o kalibr 150 mm. Zeveta vyu\u017eila komponent\u016f v\u00fdrobku osv\u011btlovac\u00ed prost\u0159edek Os &#8211; 60. Tyto efekty byly ur\u010deny p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm pro d\u011bti a \u010dasto se s nimi setk\u00e1vali nap\u0159\u00edklad na pion\u00fdrsk\u00fdch t\u00e1borech, kde m\u011bly velk\u00fd \u00fasp\u011bch a p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161ely radost i p\u0159ekvapen\u00ed. Na rozd\u00edl od praporov\u00fdch pum, kter\u00e9 byly ur\u010deny zejm\u00e9na pro slavnostn\u00ed a ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti jako vojensk\u00e9 p\u0159ehl\u00eddky \u010di st\u00e1tn\u00ed ud\u00e1losti, byly tyto \u201ed\u011btsk\u00e9\u201c pumy zam\u011b\u0159eny \u010dist\u011b na z\u00e1bavu mlad\u0161\u00edch \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edk\u016f r\u016fzn\u00fdch akc\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Pokud jde o kulov\u00e9 pumy vyr\u00e1b\u011bn\u00e9 podnikem Zeveta Bojkovice, pou\u017e\u00edval se v\u00fdhradn\u011b kalibr 100 mm. Jin\u00fd kalibr klasick\u00fdch no\u010dn\u00edch sv\u011btlicov\u00fdch pum z t\u00e9to produkce n\u00e1m nen\u00ed zn\u00e1m.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-6316\" src=\"https:\/\/hicp.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/kulove-pumy-zeveta-1-300x168.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"356\" height=\"199\" srcset=\"https:\/\/hicp.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/kulove-pumy-zeveta-1-300x168.jpg 300w, https:\/\/hicp.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/kulove-pumy-zeveta-1.jpg 588w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 356px) 100vw, 356px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Doba byla skute\u010dn\u011b velmi slo\u017eit\u00e1 a komplikovan\u00e1 po v\u0161ech str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch. Dovoz profesion\u00e1ln\u00ed oh\u0148ostrojn\u00e9 pyrotechniky ze zahrani\u010d\u00ed byl z politick\u00fdch d\u016fvod\u016f prakticky nemo\u017en\u00fd a nep\u0159ipadal v \u00favahu. In\u017een\u00fd\u0159i a technici v Zevet\u011b se tedy museli spolehnout v\u00fdhradn\u011b na vlastn\u00ed zdroje, zku\u0161enosti a n\u00e1paditost.<\/p>\n<p>P\u0159i v\u00fdrob\u011b pyrotechnick\u00fdch efekt\u016f tak vyu\u017e\u00edvali materi\u00e1l dostupn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edmo ze z\u00e1vodu. K pln\u011bn\u00ed kulov\u00fdch a v\u00e1lcov\u00fdch pum se nap\u0159\u00edklad pou\u017e\u00edvaly sv\u011btli\u010dky typu Petit o rozm\u011brech 10 x 15 mm s \u010dernoprachov\u00fdm n\u00e1palem, kter\u00e9 byly p\u016fvodn\u011b ur\u010deny jako n\u00e1pl\u0148 pro hlin\u00edkov\u00e9 n\u00e1bojnice r\u00e1\u017ee 26,5 mm. Pr\u00e1v\u011b tyto sv\u011btli\u010dky tvo\u0159ily z\u00e1klad sv\u011bteln\u00fdch efekt\u016f v kulov\u00fdch a v\u00e1lcov\u00fdch pum\u00e1ch vyr\u00e1b\u011bn\u00fdch Zevetou Bojkovice. Tento postup byl nejen praktick\u00fd, ale i ekonomicky v\u00fdhodn\u00fd, proto\u017ee umo\u017e\u0148oval efektivn\u00ed vyu\u017eit\u00ed dostupn\u00fdch v\u00fdrobn\u00edch kapacit a materi\u00e1lu v podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch omezen\u00fdch mo\u017enost\u00ed dovozu.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-6403\" src=\"https:\/\/hicp.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/petit-300x245.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"216\" height=\"176\" srcset=\"https:\/\/hicp.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/petit-300x245.jpg 300w, https:\/\/hicp.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/petit-768x628.jpg 768w, https:\/\/hicp.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/petit.jpg 817w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 216px) 100vw, 216px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Kulov\u00e1 puma typ I obsahovala celkem 24 ks sv\u011btli\u010dek. U kulov\u00e9 pumy typ II bylo pou\u017eito 16 ks sv\u011btli\u010dek v\u011bt\u0161\u00edho rozm\u011bru (konkr\u00e9tn\u011b 22 x 13 mm). V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b p\u016fvodn\u00ed dvoupatrov\u00e9 italsk\u00e9 pumy se dovnit\u0159 vkl\u00e1dalo a\u017e 64 ks sv\u011btli\u010dek o rozm\u011brech 10 x 15 mm, nebo jen 40 ks v\u011bt\u0161\u00edch sv\u011btli\u010dek (22 x 13 mm), v z\u00e1vislosti na po\u017eadovan\u00e9m efektu.<\/p>\n<p>Speci\u00e1ln\u00edm v\u00fdrobkem byla i L\u00e9tavice, kde bylo uvnit\u0159 pouzdra ulo\u017eeno 37 ks tzv. &#8222;Tul\u00e1k\u016f&#8220;. Je\u0161t\u011b siln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed efekt p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161ela kulov\u00e1 puma 100 mm zvan\u00e1 Gigant, kter\u00e1 obsahovala z\u00e1bleskovou slo\u017e a na obloze vytvo\u0159ila mohutnou explozi se sv\u011bteln\u00fdm z\u00e1bleskem. Tento efekt je dnes zn\u00e1m\u00fd pod modern\u00edm n\u00e1zvem &#8222;Titanium Salute&#8220;. Kulov\u00e1 puma Gigant v\u0161ak byla k vid\u011bn\u00ed jen zcela v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u011b.<\/p>\n<p>Zeveta vyr\u00e1b\u011bla tyto pyrotechnick\u00e9 produkty v pln\u00e9m rozsahu je\u0161t\u011b n\u011bkolik let po roce 1989. V\u00fdroba profesion\u00e1ln\u00ed oh\u0148ostrojn\u00e9 pyrotechniky v Bojkovic\u00edch byla v\u00edcem\u00e9n\u011b ukon\u010dena na p\u0159elomu let 1998\u20131999, i kdy\u017e je\u0161t\u011b po roce 2000 se v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u011b objevily mal\u00e9 s\u00e9rie t\u011bchto v\u00fdrobk\u016f pro specifick\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dely. \u0160lo v\u0161ak ji\u017e o zcela ojedin\u011bl\u00e9 kusy.<\/p>\n<p>K \u00fapln\u00e9mu zastaven\u00ed v\u00fdroby do\u0161lo v d\u016fsledku masivn\u00edho dovozu levn\u00e9 pyrotechniky z \u010c\u00edny, se kterou ji\u017e nebylo mo\u017en\u00e9 v dom\u00e1c\u00edch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b konkurovat.<\/p>\n<p>V\u00fdrobky Zevety bylo mo\u017en\u00e9 spat\u0159it p\u0159i oh\u0148ostroj\u00edch po cel\u00e9m \u00fazem\u00ed b\u00fdval\u00e9ho \u010ceskoslovenska. Vyu\u017e\u00edvaly se p\u0159i r\u016fzn\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitostech, jako byl Silvestr, Nov\u00fd rok, V\u00edt\u011bzn\u00fd \u00fanor, oslavy 30. dubna, 1. m\u00e1je nebo 9. kv\u011btna, V\u0158SR a dal\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 slavnostn\u00ed ud\u00e1losti, nap\u0159\u00edklad p\u0159i dokon\u010den\u00ed vodn\u00edch d\u011bl Slapy \u010di Orl\u00edk.<\/p>\n<p>V galerii n\u00ed\u017ee m\u016f\u017eete vid\u011bt n\u011bkolik z t\u011bchto dobov\u00fdch oh\u0148ostroj\u016f a v\u00fdrobk\u016f Zevety. Doporu\u010dujeme v\u00e1m nav\u0161t\u00edvit na\u0161e expon\u00e1ty, kde jsou n\u011bkter\u00e9 produkty Zevety pops\u00e1ny velmi podrobn\u011b.<\/p>\n<p>Doporu\u010dujeme nav\u0161t\u00edvit na\u0161e <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/hicp.cz\/?page_id=175#\"><u>expon\u00e1ty<\/u><\/a><\/strong> kde jsou velmi podrobn\u011b pops\u00e1ny n\u011bkter\u00e9 produkty Zevety.<\/p>\n<p>Pokud se chcete dozv\u011bd\u011bt v\u00edce o zbrojovce Zeveta Bojkovice tak ur\u010dit\u011b doporu\u010dujeme nav\u0161t\u00edvit web: <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.neopyro.cz\/\">https:\/\/www.neopyro.cz\/<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_gallery type=&#8220;image_grid&#8220; images=&#8220;6348,6347,6346,6342,6334,6333,6344,6335,6336,6337,6338,6339,6330,6321,6320,6329,6327,6319,6326,6324,6325,6345&#8243;][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]Historie firmy ZEVETA \u2013 \u010desk\u00e1 tradice pyrotechniky a zbrojn\u00ed v\u00fdroby Ko\u0159eny spole\u010dnosti ZEVETA sahaj\u00ed a\u017e do roku 1936, kdy byla zalo\u017eena pod n\u00e1zvem Ky\u0161er a spol. jej\u00edm vizion\u00e1\u0159em a zakladatelem, panem V\u00edt\u011bzslavem Ky\u0161erem. Od samotn\u00e9ho po\u010d\u00e1tku se firma zam\u011b\u0159ovala na oblast chemick\u00e9 v\u00fdroby, zbrojn\u00edho pr\u016fmyslu a p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm na v\u00fdrobu pyrotechnick\u00fdch sm\u011bs\u00ed, l\u00e1tek a oh\u0148ostrojn\u00fdch p\u0159edm\u011bt\u016f. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-6212","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/hicp.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6212","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/hicp.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/hicp.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hicp.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hicp.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=6212"}],"version-history":[{"count":108,"href":"https:\/\/hicp.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6212\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7142,"href":"https:\/\/hicp.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6212\/revisions\/7142"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/hicp.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=6212"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}