{"id":5240,"date":"2021-05-27T10:46:54","date_gmt":"2021-05-27T08:46:54","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/hicp.cz\/?p=5240"},"modified":"2025-06-05T11:58:45","modified_gmt":"2025-06-05T09:58:45","slug":"cina","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hicp.cz\/?p=5240","title":{"rendered":"\u010c\u00edna a jej\u00ed oh\u0148ostroje a pyrotechnika"},"content":{"rendered":"

St\u0159eln\u00fd prach je jedn\u00edm z nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch objev\u016f v historii pyrotechniky a jeho p\u016fvod se odhaduje na obdob\u00ed mezi \u0161est\u00fdm a dev\u00e1t\u00fdm stolet\u00edm na\u0161eho letopo\u010dtu. Tato l\u00e1tka, kter\u00e1 tvo\u0159\u00ed z\u00e1klad pro v\u00fdrobu oh\u0148ostroj\u016f, petard a dal\u0161\u00ed z\u00e1bavn\u00ed pyrotechniky, byla poprv\u00e9 pou\u017eita ve starov\u011bk\u00e9 \u010c\u00edn\u011b. Prvn\u00ed zm\u00ednky o oh\u0148ostroj\u00edch poch\u00e1z\u00ed z \u010c\u00edny a jsou star\u00e9 p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 2000 let. Pr\u00e1v\u011b v t\u00e9to dob\u011b se za\u010dala ps\u00e1t historie oh\u0148ostroj\u016f, kter\u00e9 dnes pat\u0159\u00ed k neodmysliteln\u00fdm sou\u010d\u00e1stem r\u016fzn\u00fdch oslav, festival\u016f a novoro\u010dn\u00edch slavnost\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Podle legendy byla prvn\u00ed petarda vytvo\u0159ena zcela n\u00e1hodou \u010d\u00ednsk\u00fdm kucha\u0159em. Ten \u00fadajn\u011b v zahradn\u00ed kuchyni sm\u00edchal b\u011b\u017en\u011b dostupn\u00e9 suroviny \u2014 d\u0159ev\u011bn\u00e9 uhl\u00ed, s\u00edru a ledek (dusi\u010dnan draseln\u00fd). V\u00fdsledkem t\u00e9to ne\u010dekan\u00e9 chemick\u00e9 reakce byl prudk\u00fd v\u00fdbuch, kter\u00fd se stal p\u0159edch\u016fdcem modern\u00edch petard a z\u00e1kladn\u00edm principem v\u00fdroby pyrotechnick\u00fdch v\u00fdrobk\u016f.<\/p>\n

St\u0159eln\u00fd prach se pozd\u011bji za\u010dal vyu\u017e\u00edvat nejen pro oh\u0148ostroje a petardy, ale i v dal\u0161\u00edch oblastech, nap\u0159\u00edklad ve vojensk\u00e9 technice nebo p\u0159i slavnostn\u00edch p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitostech. Oh\u0148ostroje si d\u00edky sv\u00fdm oslniv\u00fdm sv\u011bteln\u00fdm a zvukov\u00fdm efekt\u016fm z\u00edskaly oblibu po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b. Mezi nejpopul\u00e1rn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pyrotechniku dodnes pat\u0159\u00ed tradi\u010dn\u00ed petardy, kompaktn\u00ed oh\u0148ostroje, prskavky nebo font\u00e1ny, kter\u00e9 se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed jak p\u0159i rodinn\u00fdch oslav\u00e1ch, tak p\u0159i velkolep\u00fdch ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch akc\u00edch.<\/p>\n

Pyrotechnika, oh\u0148ostroje a petardy jsou dnes vyr\u00e1b\u011bny v souladu s p\u0159\u00edsn\u00fdmi bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edmi normami a pyrotechnick\u00e9 v\u00fdrobky proch\u00e1zej\u00ed d\u016fkladnou kontrolou. Modern\u00ed v\u00fdrobci nab\u00edzej\u00ed \u0161irok\u00fd sortiment pyrotechniky \u2013 od drobn\u00fdch prskavek a\u017e po profesion\u00e1ln\u00ed oh\u0148ostrojn\u00e9 show, kter\u00e9 dok\u00e1\u017eou rozz\u00e1\u0159it nebe nad cel\u00fdmi m\u011bsty.<\/p>\n

V sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b pat\u0159\u00ed mezi nejvyhled\u00e1van\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pyrotechnick\u00e9 produkty nejen tradi\u010dn\u00ed oh\u0148ostroje na jedno zap\u00e1len\u00ed, ale tak\u00e9 tich\u00e9 oh\u0148ostroje bez exploz\u00ed, kter\u00e9 jsou \u0161etrn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed k dom\u00e1c\u00edm mazl\u00ed\u010dk\u016fm a \u017eivotn\u00edmu prost\u0159ed\u00ed. V\u00fdrobci tak\u00e9 kladou d\u016fraz na kvalitu, bezpe\u010dnost a ekologickou \u0161etrnost pyrotechnick\u00fdch v\u00fdrobk\u016f.
\nHistorie st\u0159eln\u00e9ho prachu a oh\u0148ostroj\u016f je tak \u00fazce spjata s \u010d\u00ednskou kulturou, chemi\u00ed a um\u011bn\u00edm v\u00fdroby pyrotechniky. Tradice oh\u0148ostroj\u016f a petard se postupn\u011b roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159ila do cel\u00e9ho sv\u011bta a stala se symbolem radosti, oslav a v\u00fdznamn\u00fdch \u017eivotn\u00edch okam\u017eik\u016f.<\/p>\n

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Pot\u00e9 co byla sm\u011bs vm\u011bstn\u00e1na do ucpan\u00e9 bambusov\u00e9 trubi\u010dky a zap\u00e1lena, explodovala.<\/p>\n

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N\u011bkter\u00e9 historick\u00e9 prameny uv\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed, \u017ee vznik oh\u0148ostroj\u016f se datuje a\u017e do 9. stolet\u00ed na\u0161eho letopo\u010dtu, co\u017e je obdob\u00ed, kter\u00e9 je \u00fazce spojeno s vyn\u00e1lezem st\u0159eln\u00e9ho prachu. Pr\u00e1v\u011b v t\u00e9to dob\u011b se za\u010dal st\u0159eln\u00fd prach pou\u017e\u00edvat nejen jako vojensk\u00fd prost\u0159edek, ale tak\u00e9 jako z\u00e1kladn\u00ed slo\u017eka prvn\u00edch pyrotechnick\u00fdch efekt\u016f, co\u017e vedlo k rozvoji tradi\u010dn\u00edch oh\u0148ostroj\u016f v \u010c\u00edn\u011b.<\/p>\n

Prvn\u00ed exploze, kter\u00e9 st\u0159eln\u00fd prach umo\u017enil, vytv\u00e1\u0159ely zvukov\u00e9 efekty do t\u00e9 doby lidstvu nezn\u00e1m\u00e9. Hlasit\u00fd v\u00fdbuch byl natolik neobvykl\u00fd a intenzivn\u00ed, \u017ee vyd\u011bsil v\u0161echny p\u0159\u00edtomn\u00e9 \u2013 jak lidi, tak zv\u00ed\u0159ata. \u010c\u00ed\u0148an\u00e9 tehdy v\u011b\u0159ili v existenci zl\u00fdch sil, zejm\u00e9na d\u00e9monick\u00e9 bytosti NIAN, kter\u00e1 podle legendy po\u017e\u00edrala \u00farodu a ohro\u017eovala lidsk\u00e9 \u017eivoty i majetek. Kdy\u017e zjistili, \u017ee hlasit\u00fd zvuk dok\u00e1\u017ee odehnat nejen zv\u00ed\u0159ata, ale i neviditeln\u00e9 zl\u00e9 duchy, za\u010dali vyu\u017e\u00edvat tento efekt p\u0159i r\u016fzn\u00fdch ritu\u00e1lech.<\/p>\n

B\u011bhem oslav \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9ho lun\u00e1rn\u00edho Nov\u00e9ho roku bylo zvykem h\u00e1zet do ohn\u011b bambusov\u00e9 trubi\u010dky napln\u011bn\u00e9 sm\u011bs\u00ed st\u0159eln\u00e9ho prachu. Tyto bambusov\u00e9 petardy po zap\u00e1len\u00ed explodovaly a vyd\u00e1valy hlasit\u00e9 r\u00e1ny, kter\u00e9 m\u011bly podle tradi\u010dn\u00ed v\u00edry zajistit ochranu p\u0159ed zl\u00fdmi silami, p\u0159in\u00e9st \u0161t\u011bst\u00ed, prosperitu a blahobyt do nadch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00edho roku. Tato tradice se rychle roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159ila i na dal\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 \u017eivotn\u00ed ud\u00e1losti \u2013 bambusov\u00e9 petardy se za\u010daly pou\u017e\u00edvat p\u0159i svatebn\u00edch ob\u0159adech, poh\u0159bech i p\u0159i oslav\u00e1ch narozen\u00ed d\u00edt\u011bte. Oh\u0148ostroje a pyrotechnika se tak staly ned\u00edlnou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed \u010d\u00ednsk\u00fdch ritu\u00e1l\u016f a slavnost\u00ed, co\u017e p\u0159isp\u011blo k jejich dal\u0161\u00edmu rozvoji a pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00edmu roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed do cel\u00e9ho sv\u011bta.
\nD\u00edky t\u011bmto tradic\u00edm a kulturn\u00edm zvyklostem se oh\u0148ostroje, petardy a dal\u0161\u00ed pyrotechnick\u00e9 v\u00fdrobky staly symbolem oslav, ochrany p\u0159ed zl\u00fdmi silami a tak\u00e9 prost\u0159edkem ke sd\u00edlen\u00ed radosti b\u011bhem v\u00fdznamn\u00fdch ud\u00e1lost\u00ed v \u017eivot\u011b jednotlivce i cel\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti.<\/p>\n

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Ve 13. stolet\u00ed na\u0161eho letopo\u010dtu p\u0159ivezl slavn\u00fd ben\u00e1tsk\u00fd cestovatel Marco Polo z dalek\u00e9 \u010c\u00edny do Evropy mnoho v\u00fdznamn\u00fdch novinek a objev\u016f. Jedn\u00edm z nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edch byl \u010dern\u00fd prach, tedy st\u0159eln\u00fd prach, kter\u00fd byl v t\u00e9 dob\u011b v Asii ji\u017e pom\u011brn\u011b roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00fd a vyu\u017e\u00edvan\u00fd p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm v oblasti pyrotechniky a vojensk\u00e9 techniky. D\u00edky Marcu Polovi se st\u0159eln\u00fd prach poprv\u00e9 dostal do Evropy, kde jeho objeven\u00ed znamenalo z\u00e1sadn\u00ed zlom ve v\u00fdvoji pyrotechniky a oh\u0148ostroj\u016f.<\/p>\n

Pr\u00e1v\u011b It\u00e1lie se stala prvn\u00ed evropskou zem\u00ed, kter\u00e1 za\u010dala st\u0159eln\u00fd prach vyu\u017e\u00edvat nejen pro praktick\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dely, ale p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm pro z\u00e1bavu a slavnostn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti. V italsk\u00fdch m\u011bstech se b\u011bhem sv\u00e1tk\u016f, oslav a v\u00fdznamn\u00fdch ud\u00e1lost\u00ed za\u010daly konat oh\u0148ostroje, kter\u00e9 si rychle z\u00edskaly velkou oblibu u \u0161irok\u00e9 ve\u0159ejnosti. Pyrotechnick\u00e9 efekty, kter\u00e9 oh\u0148ostroje nab\u00edzely, se staly ned\u00edlnou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed italsk\u00e9 kultury a tradic.<\/p>\n

Oh\u0148ostroje v It\u00e1lii postupn\u011b zdokonalovali m\u00edstn\u00ed \u0159emesln\u00edci a tv\u016frci pyrotechniky, kte\u0159\u00ed kladli d\u016fraz na vizu\u00e1ln\u00ed atraktivitu, barvy a bezpe\u010dnost. D\u00edky nim se z It\u00e1lie velmi rychle roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159ila tradice oh\u0148ostroj\u016f do dal\u0161\u00edch evropsk\u00fdch zem\u00ed, kde se stala symbolem oslav, radosti a v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u00fdch spole\u010densk\u00fdch okam\u017eik\u016f. St\u0159eln\u00fd prach, oh\u0148ostroje a pyrotechnika tak od 13. stolet\u00ed v\u00fdznamn\u011b ovlivnily kulturn\u00ed \u017eivot nejen v It\u00e1lii, ale pozd\u011bji i v cel\u00e9 Evrop\u011b.<\/p>\n

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V 15. stolet\u00ed doch\u00e1z\u00ed v Evrop\u011b k z\u00e1sadn\u00edmu posunu ve vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed st\u0159eln\u00e9ho prachu, kter\u00fd se ji\u017e neomezuje pouze na z\u00e1bavn\u00ed pyrotechniku a oh\u0148ostroje, ale za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 b\u00fdt st\u00e1le v\u00edce pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n tak\u00e9 pro vojensk\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dely. Pr\u00e1v\u011b v tomto obdob\u00ed doch\u00e1z\u00ed k rozvoji v\u00fdroby prvn\u00edch raket, kter\u00e9 byly p\u016fvodn\u011b inspirov\u00e1ny pyrotechnick\u00fdmi efekty z \u010c\u00edny. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 se st\u0159eln\u00fd prach stal kl\u00ed\u010dovou slo\u017ekou p\u0159i konstrukci prvn\u00edch kan\u00f3n\u016f, kter\u00e9 znamenaly revoluci v dob\u00fdv\u00e1n\u00ed hrad\u016f a veden\u00ed bitev.<\/p>\n

Rozmach vojensk\u00e9 techniky vedl tak\u00e9 ke vzniku st\u0159eln\u00fdch zbran\u00ed, mezi nimi\u017e se postupn\u011b za\u010daly objevovat prvn\u00ed pu\u0161ky a dal\u0161\u00ed ru\u010dn\u00ed paln\u00e9 zbran\u011b. St\u0159eln\u00fd prach tak sehr\u00e1l z\u00e1sadn\u00ed roli nejen v oblasti pyrotechniky, ale tak\u00e9 v rozvoji vojensk\u00e9ho um\u011bn\u00ed a zm\u011bnil zp\u016fsob veden\u00ed v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00fdch konflikt\u016f po cel\u00e9 Evrop\u011b. V\u00fdroba raket, kan\u00f3n\u016f a pu\u0161ek polo\u017eila z\u00e1klady modern\u00edho d\u011blost\u0159electva a st\u0159eln\u00fdch zbran\u00ed, co\u017e m\u011blo dalekos\u00e1hl\u00fd dopad na pr\u016fb\u011bh d\u011bjin a v\u00fdvoj technologi\u00ed v dal\u0161\u00edch stolet\u00edch.<\/p>\n

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Italov\u00e9 se stali skute\u010dn\u00fdmi pr\u016fkopn\u00edky v oblasti pyrotechniky, kdy\u017e jako prvn\u00ed dok\u00e1zali dodat oh\u0148ostroj\u016fm pestr\u00e9 a v\u00fdrazn\u00e9 barvy. Tento p\u0159evratn\u00fd pokrok umo\u017enil p\u0159\u00eddavek pr\u00e1\u0161kov\u00fdch kov\u016f ve form\u011b r\u016fzn\u00fdch chemick\u00fdch slou\u010denin, konkr\u00e9tn\u011b sol\u00ed kov\u016f, do sm\u011bs\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdch p\u0159i v\u00fdrob\u011b oh\u0148ostroj\u016f. Pr\u00e1v\u011b d\u00edky t\u011bmto inovac\u00edm za\u010daly oh\u0148ostroje z\u00e1\u0159it \u0161irokou \u0161k\u00e1lou barev, co\u017e v\u00fdrazn\u011b zv\u00fd\u0161ilo jejich atraktivitu a estetickou hodnotu.<\/p>\n

Po \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00fdch experimentech italsk\u00fdch mistr\u016f brzy n\u00e1sledovalo i N\u011bmecko, kter\u00e9 se rovn\u011b\u017e za\u010dalo specializovat na v\u00fdrobu barevn\u00fdch pyrotechnick\u00fdch efekt\u016f. V 18. stolet\u00ed tak byly pr\u00e1v\u011b It\u00e1lie a N\u011bmecko pova\u017eov\u00e1ny za hlavn\u00ed velmoci v oblasti v\u00fdroby oh\u0148ostroj\u016f. Tyto zem\u011b ud\u00e1valy sm\u011br v pyrotechnick\u00e9m um\u011bn\u00ed a jejich v\u00fdrobky byly \u017e\u00e1dan\u00e9 po cel\u00e9 Evrop\u011b. Tradice v\u00fdroby kvalitn\u00edch a n\u00e1padit\u00fdch oh\u0148ostroj\u016f pokra\u010duje v t\u011bchto zem\u00edch dodnes, a jejich historick\u00fd p\u0159\u00ednos v\u00fdrazn\u011b ovlivnil v\u00fdvoj modern\u00ed pyrotechniky.<\/p>\n

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V pr\u016fb\u011bhu 70. a 80. let 20. stolet\u00ed se \u010c\u00edna stala hlavn\u00edm sv\u011btov\u00fdm dodavatelem pyrotechniky. Ve\u0161ker\u00e9 \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9 tov\u00e1rny na v\u00fdrobu oh\u0148ostroj\u016f a z\u00e1bavn\u00ed pyrotechniky byly tehdy st\u00e1tn\u00ed a jejich produkci na zahrani\u010dn\u00ed trhy zaji\u0161\u0165ovaly provin\u010dn\u00ed exportn\u00ed spole\u010dnosti. Tyto spole\u010dnosti \u00fazce spolupracovaly s prost\u0159edn\u00edky v Hongkongu, kter\u00fd m\u011bl v t\u00e9 dob\u011b kl\u00ed\u010dovou roli p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm v oblasti logistiky, zprost\u0159edkov\u00e1n\u00ed objedn\u00e1vek a financov\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1silek p\u0159epravovan\u00fdch po mo\u0159i do cel\u00e9ho sv\u011bta.<\/p>\n

V tomto obdob\u00ed nebyl hlavn\u00edm c\u00edlem v\u00fdroby pyrotechniky zisk, ale sp\u00ed\u0161e zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed pracovn\u00edch m\u00edst pro m\u00edstn\u00ed obyvatele. Hlavn\u00edm zdrojem ob\u017eivy v \u010c\u00edn\u011b bylo st\u00e1le je\u0161t\u011b p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed a pyrotechnika p\u0159edstavovala d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd dopln\u011bk m\u00edstn\u00ed ekonomiky.<\/p>\n

Z\u00e1sadn\u00ed zm\u011bna nastala v 90. letech, kdy se \u010c\u00edna za\u010dala postupn\u011b otev\u00edrat okoln\u00edmu sv\u011btu. Pr\u00e1v\u011b tehdy za\u010daly vznikat prvn\u00ed soukrom\u00e9 tov\u00e1rny a podniky, kter\u00e9 mohly navazovat p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 obchodn\u00ed vztahy se zahrani\u010dn\u00edmi odb\u011brateli bez nutnosti zprost\u0159edkovatel\u016f. St\u00e1tn\u00ed podpora pro vznik nov\u00fdch soukrom\u00fdch subjekt\u016f, rostouc\u00ed jazykov\u00e1 vybavenost a vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed v zahrani\u010d\u00ed p\u0159isp\u011bly k dynamick\u00e9mu rozvoji modern\u00edch tov\u00e1ren.<\/p>\n

Tyto nov\u00e9 podniky kladly velk\u00fd d\u016fraz na dodr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edch p\u0159edpis\u016f v pr\u016fb\u011bhu cel\u00e9ho v\u00fdrobn\u00edho procesu, \u010d\u00edm\u017e se minimalizovala rizika n\u00e1hodn\u00fdch v\u00fdbuch\u016f a p\u0159edch\u00e1zelo se ztr\u00e1t\u00e1m na lidsk\u00fdch \u017eivotech. D\u00edky t\u011bmto zm\u011bn\u00e1m se \u010c\u00edna stala nejen nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edm sv\u011btov\u00fdm v\u00fdrobcem pyrotechniky, ale tak\u00e9 synonymem pro kvalitn\u00ed, bezpe\u010dn\u00e9 a inovativn\u00ed oh\u0148ostroje a z\u00e1bavn\u00ed pyrotechniku.<\/p>\n

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\u010c\u00edna je pr\u00e1vem pova\u017eov\u00e1na za kol\u00e9bku oh\u0148ostroj\u016f a pyrotechniky obecn\u011b. Pr\u00e1v\u011b zde, p\u0159ed v\u00edce ne\u017e tis\u00edci lety, vznikly prvn\u00ed oh\u0148ostroje, kdy\u017e \u010d\u00edn\u0161t\u00ed alchymist\u00e9 objevili \u00fa\u010dinky st\u0159eln\u00e9ho prachu. Tento p\u0159evratn\u00fd vyn\u00e1lez se rychle za\u010dal vyu\u017e\u00edvat nejen p\u0159i slavnostn\u00edch ceremoni\u00edch, ale i pro n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dely nebo p\u0159i oslav\u00e1ch v\u00fdznamn\u00fdch ud\u00e1lost\u00ed, kdy m\u011bl za \u00fakol zah\u00e1n\u011bt zl\u00e9 duchy a p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161et \u0161t\u011bst\u00ed.<\/p>\n

V pr\u016fb\u011bhu stalet\u00ed se pyrotechnika v \u010c\u00edn\u011b postupn\u011b zdokonalovala a tradi\u010dn\u00ed oh\u0148ostroje se staly neodd\u011blitelnou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed velk\u00fdch festival\u016f, sv\u00e1tk\u016f a ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch oslav. \u010c\u00ed\u0148an\u00e9 vytvo\u0159ili nespo\u010det r\u016fzn\u00fdch efekt\u016f, tvar\u016f a barev, \u010d\u00edm\u017e polo\u017eili z\u00e1klady modern\u00ed pyrotechniky, jak ji zn\u00e1me dnes. D\u00edky obchodn\u00edm cest\u00e1m se znalosti o v\u00fdrob\u011b oh\u0148ostroj\u016f roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159ily z \u010c\u00edny do cel\u00e9ho sv\u011bta a ovlivnily v\u00fdvoj pyrotechniky v dal\u0161\u00edch zem\u00edch, zejm\u00e9na v Evrop\u011b.<\/p>\n

V sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b pat\u0159\u00ed \u010c\u00edna mezi nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed producenty oh\u0148ostroj\u016f na sv\u011bt\u011b. Modern\u00ed oh\u0148ostroje si zachov\u00e1vaj\u00ed prvky tradi\u010dn\u00ed \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9 pyrotechniky, ale z\u00e1rove\u0148 vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed nejnov\u011bj\u0161\u00ed technologie a inovace, co\u017e umo\u017e\u0148uje vytv\u00e1\u0159et je\u0161t\u011b p\u016fsobiv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a bezpe\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed efekty. Oh\u0148ostroje dnes nach\u00e1zej\u00ed sv\u00e9 m\u00edsto nejen p\u0159i novoro\u010dn\u00edch a m\u011bstsk\u00fdch oslav\u00e1ch, svatb\u00e1ch \u010di sportovn\u00edch akc\u00edch, ale i jako obl\u00edben\u00fd prvek pro zpest\u0159en\u00ed ka\u017edodenn\u00edho \u017eivota, v\u00fdznamn\u00fdch okam\u017eik\u016f a soukrom\u00fdch slavnost\u00ed.<\/p>\n

\u010c\u00ednsk\u00e1 tradice oh\u0148ostroj\u016f tak p\u0159e\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 ji\u017e cel\u00e1 stalet\u00ed a st\u00e1le inspiruje miliony lid\u00ed po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b, kte\u0159\u00ed obdivuj\u00ed kr\u00e1su barevn\u00fdch exploz\u00ed na no\u010dn\u00ed obloze.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

St\u0159eln\u00fd prach je jedn\u00edm z nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch objev\u016f v historii pyrotechniky a jeho p\u016fvod se odhaduje na obdob\u00ed mezi \u0161est\u00fdm a dev\u00e1t\u00fdm stolet\u00edm na\u0161eho letopo\u010dtu. Tato l\u00e1tka, kter\u00e1 tvo\u0159\u00ed z\u00e1klad pro v\u00fdrobu oh\u0148ostroj\u016f, petard a dal\u0161\u00ed z\u00e1bavn\u00ed pyrotechniky, byla poprv\u00e9 pou\u017eita ve starov\u011bk\u00e9 \u010c\u00edn\u011b. Prvn\u00ed zm\u00ednky o oh\u0148ostroj\u00edch poch\u00e1z\u00ed z \u010c\u00edny a jsou star\u00e9 p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 2000 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":5684,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[49,87,52],"tags":[73,54,53,95,96,97,47,93],"class_list":["post-5240","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cerny-prach","category-civilni-pyrotechnika","category-historie-ohnostroju","tag-cerny-prach","tag-cina","tag-historie","tag-ohnostroj","tag-ohnostroje","tag-pyrotechnika","tag-strelny-prach","tag-zabavni-pyrotechnika"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/hicp.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5240","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/hicp.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/hicp.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hicp.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hicp.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=5240"}],"version-history":[{"count":12,"href":"https:\/\/hicp.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5240\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6891,"href":"https:\/\/hicp.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5240\/revisions\/6891"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hicp.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/5684"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/hicp.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=5240"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hicp.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=5240"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hicp.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=5240"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}